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Стилистика пособие, теория

The Newspaper Style. It dates from the 17th century. Not all printed matter found in the newspaper comes under newspaper style, as the modern newspaper carries material of extremely diverse character. Its main functions are: to inform and instruct the reader and to give the evaluation of the events described.

To draw the readers’ attention to the news certain graphic means are used by publishers: space ordering and types of print. Newspaper style is abundant in dates, names of countries, institutions and individuals. Its main substyles are: brief news items, advertisements and announcements, headlines and editorials.


3. STYLISTIC SEMASIOLOGY
3.1. Stylistic Semasiology and Its Concern
Stylistic Semasiology studies expressive potential of word meaning, realized through semantic change and transference of meaning that helps the author to create imagery.

Stylistics deals not only with the aesthetic and emotional impact of the language. It also studies means of producing impressions in our mind. Impression is the first stage of concept. But the concept through a reverse process may build another kind of impression. Impressions that are secondary to concept (i.e. which have been born by concepts) are called imagery.

Imagery makes it possible for the reader to see the world through the author’s vision. It can create different stylistic effects due to its expressiveness. It can help to reveal or criticize something, to make things described more vivid, impressive and poetic.

Imagery is mainly produced by the interplay of different meanings. Concrete objects are easily perceived by the senses; abstract notions are perceived by the mind. When an abstract notion is by the force of the mind represented through a concrete object, an image is the result. Image is the main means of poetic reflection of reality in the human mind. The effectiveness of the poetic image lies in the fact that it, like a word, has both denotative and connotative meanings.

Imagery may be built on the interrelation of two abstract notions or two concrete objects or an abstract and a concrete one. Thus, three types of meaning can be distinguished: logical, emotive and nominal respectively.

Logical meaning is the precise meaning of a feature of the idea, object or phenomenon, the name by which we recognize the whole of the concept.

Emotive meaning also materializes a concept in the word, but it has reference not directly to things or phenomena of objective reality, but to the feelings and emotions of the speaker towards these things or to his emotions as such. Therefore the emotive meaning bears reference to things, phenomena or ideas through a kind of their evaluation.

Nominal meaning, while expressing concepts, indicates a particular object out of a class of similar objects (proper names).


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