Are You suprised ?

E.g. He kissed her, she allowed him to be kissed.

E.g. He looked at the gun, and the gun looked back at him.

The device is effective as it helps to lay stress on the second part of the utterance, which is opposite in structure. Chiasmus can appear only when there are two successive or coordinate parts of a sentence.

Repetition is an EMs of the language used when the speaker is under the stress of strong emotion.

E.g. «Stop!» - she cried. «Don’t tell me! I don’t want to hear; I don’t want to hear what you’ve come for. I don’t want to hear.» Here repetition is not a SD; it is a means by which the excited state of the speaker’s mind is shown.

When used as a SD, repetition acquires quite different functions. It does not aim at making a direct emotional impact. On the contrary, repetition aims at logical emphasis to fix the attention of the reader on the key-word of the utterance.

E.g. For that was it! Ignorant of the long stealthy march of passion, and of the state of which it had reduced Fleur; ignorant of how Soames had watched her, ignorant of Fleur’s reckless desperation...- ignorant of all this, everybody felt aggrieved. (Galsworthy)

Repetition is classified according to compositional patterns:

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