Amaryllidaceae

Amaryllidaceae

• Galanthus sp.
• Narcissus spp.

• http://www.wisc.edu/botit/img/bot/401/Magnoliophyta/Liliopsida/Liliidae/Amaryllidaceae/Narcissus/Dissected__Flower

• Fused Tepals

• Inferior Ovary

Alliaceae

• Allium tricoccum

• Allium tricoccum, Wild Leeks, Alliaceae

• Allium tricoccum, Wild Leek -- Leafs first in the early spring and then in summer after the leaves have senesced, puts up a flowering stalk.

• Allium tricoccum seeds are produced in mid autumn.
• Note the fruit is a loculicidal capsule- here split open revealing the shiny black seeds.

• A bulb is a short underground stem-- usually used to store nutrients. In these lily bulbs: each scale is a modified fleshy leaf that will produce new roots and shoots when planted.

• www.hort.purdue.edu

• Cross and longitudinal sections of a lily bulb

• trc.ucdavis.edu

• trc.ucdavis.edu

• Onion Bulb

• trc.ucdavis.edu

• Hemerocallis (Hemerocallidaceae, Asparagales) contractile roots. This was 5 cm deeper after approximately 10 months (1/3/94 - 10/27/94). Contractile roots act by expanding laterally and shrinking in length. Lilies, Daffodils, Crocuses, Dandelions (yes dandelions!) have contractile roots!
• From Putz, N. 1998. Underground plant movement. V. Contractile root tubers and their importance to the mobility of Hemerocallis fulva L. (Hemerocallidaceae). Int. J. Plant Sci. 159: 23-30.

• Hemerocallus if planted too deep will move up. By making a long shoot with only scale leaves, developing adventitious roots higher up and aborting the older section of shoot and roots.
• (also from Putz 1998)

Ruscaceae (including the Convallariaceae)

• Smilacina stellata
• Smilacina racemosa
• Maianthemum canadense
• Polygonatum pubescens

• Ruscus “leaves” are modified flattened photosynthetic branches. Note flowers come right out of these branches!
• Stems of Ruscus were bundled to clean butcher’s blocks. Hence the name Butcher’s Broom Family

• Two species of Smilacina, False Solomon’s Seal, in the Convallariaceae (Lily-of-the-Valley Family) Note small 6-tepaled flowers.

• Smilacina stellata Note small bisexual flowers, 6 distinct tepals (may be fused into a bell in other species), 6 anthers, NO spots, superior ovary.

• Smilacina stellata fruit = berry.

Iridaceae

• Crocus spp.
• Iris spp.

• Iridaceae
• Crocus sativus
• Saffron crocus
• (The spice, Saffron, is made of the stigmas)

• 6 Tepals
• 3 Stamens
• 3 Carpels(3-parted stigma)

• Saffron is the long red stigma of the saffron crocus (Crocus sativa)

• Asparagales, Iridaceae, Iris versicolor

• Stigma lobe

• Outer Tepal

• Inner Tepal

• Photo by Kenneth Walker

• Asparagales
• Iridaceae
• Iris versicolor is our native wild iris (also called blue flag).
• Note: range below, Eastern US and Canada

• Note: Nectar Guides