«MODERN SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES AND TRENDS»
SCIENCECENTRUM.PL
ISSUE 4(38) PART 1
ISBN 978-83-949403-3-1
135
Galileo Galilei said: “Geometry allows us to develop our mental abilities, to think correctly and
to judge correctly.”
Indeed, as a science, geometry has its own laws and, abstracting from certain objects,
considers those objects beyond the certainty, viewing their relations not as certain relations,
but as relations between objects deprived of certainty.
The requirement for teaching geometry (1
st
-6
th
grades) is to develop students’ ability to
move from certainty to abstraction and to develop the ability to think abstractly. In this regard,
a question arises: how should the teaching of geometric concepts be organized so that students
do not face difficulties with the abstraction issue? What rational principles should be applied
in the development of relevant textbooks? For this purpose, in addition to continuing scientific
and pedagogical research to improve the content of textbooks for many years in terms of
mastering, the consideration of logical and psychological aspects should be focused on.
As a result, the dependency of specific conditions of mastery on the pedagogical and
psychological conditions is determined. At this stage, the dependency of the process of
mastering geometric material on various pedagogical conditions is highlighted.
Traditionally, the acquisition of geometric knowledge at school has been associated
with the solution of following problems:
1)
how geometric visualization, including computer technology, affects the knowledge
acquisition,
2)
optimal selection of the content of geometric material for 1
st
-6
th
grades,
3)
how learning outcomes depend on teacher’s pedagogical proficiency,
4)
validity of acquired knowledge is determined with its application quality in practice
and problem solving.
As a deductive science, geometry is manifests itself in the learning process at school
and requires a new approach from teacher. Therefore, the psychological factor must be taken
into account in the teaching of geometry. Although geometric concepts are accompanied by
figures and drawings, the quality of mastering is lower than in other subjects. Thus, student
faces difficulty in describing the facts about the geometric concept on drawings. Therefore, the
ability of showing the shapes and variations of geometric figures on an image (drawing) is of
great importance. This issue is often discussed in the pedagogical and psychological context
and is sometimes mentioned by advanced mathematicians-methodologists and math teachers.
Because standard drawings of geometric figures do not enrich students’ spatial imagination.
Consequently, drawing does not provide the necessary support in the interpretation of
theoretical material on geometry and in problem solution.
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