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nose-dived to approximately 300,000 visitors. 
Reduced Form: 
In the first half of 2009, the attendance at the museum went into 
free fall, nose-diving to approximately 300,000 visitors. 
4. 
Females also spend less time socializing and much less time than men on sport, 
which allows them more time for studying. 
Reduced Form: 
Females also spend less time socializing and much less time than 
men on sport, allowing them more time for studying. 
Exercise: Reduce the clauses in the sentences into phrases. 
1. 
The figures then dropped sharply to well below 5000, which was the lowest in record for 
more than 40 years. 
2. 
The largest number of visitors in total came from the United States, which rose from 345 
to 609 thousand. 
3. 
Rents shot up from 11% in 1993 to 21% in 2003, which doubled over the ten-year period. 
4. 
From the end of 2001, consumption remained unchanged with two minor peaks at the end 
of 2001 and 2002, which corresponded with two dips in the use of nuclear and fossil 
energies. 
5. 
Email and instant messenger are close thirds and fourths in popularity, which scored 17%