Abc analysis: a classification of items in an inventory according to importance defined in terms of criteria such as sales volume and purchase volume. Abc classification

NVOCC: See Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier.
O
Obsolete Inventory: Inventory for which there is no forecast demand expected. A condition of being out of date. A loss of value occasioned by new developments that place the oldeer property at a competitive disadvantage.
Ocean Bill of Lading: The bill of lading issued by the ocean carrier to its customer.
Ocean Carrier: An enterprise that offers service via ocean (water) transport.
OEM: See Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Offer: See Tender.
Offline: A computer term which describes work done outside of the computer system or outside of a main process within the corporate system.
Offshore: Utilizing an outsourcing service provider located in a country other than where the client is located.
On-Demand: Pertaining to work performed when demand is present. Typically used to describe products which are manufactured or assembled only when a customer order is placed.
One-Piece Flow: Moving parts through a process in batches of one.
One-Way Networks: The advantages generally lie with either the seller of buyer, but not with both. B2C web sites are one-way networks.
Online: A computer term which describes activities performed using computer systems.
On-Line receiving: A system in which computer terminals are available at each receiving bay and operators enter items into the system as they are unloaded.
Open Policy: See Marine Cargo Insurance
Operating Differential Subsidy (ODS): A payment to an American-flag carrier by the U.S. government to offset the difference in operating costs between U.S. and foreign vessels.
Operating Ratio: A measure of operating efficiency defined as Operating expenses divided by the Operating revenues x 100.
Operational Performance Measurements: (1) In traditional management, performance measurements related to machine worker, or department efficiency or utilization. These performance measurements are usually poorly correlated with organizational performance. (2) In theory of contraints, performance measurements that link causally to organizational performance measurements. Throughput, inventory, and operating expense are examples. Also see: Performance Measures.
Optimization: The process of making something as good or as effective as possible with given resources and constraints.
Order: A type of request for goods or services.
Order Cycle: The time and process involved from the placement of an order to the receipt of the order.
Order Cycle Time: The time that elapses from placement of order until receipt of order. This includes time for order transmittal, processing, preparation, and shipping.
Order Entry and Scheduling: The process of receiving orders from the customer and entering them into a company's order processing system. Orders can be received through phone, fax, or electronic media. Activities may include "technically" examining orders to ensure an orderable configuration and provide accurate price, checking the customer's credit and accepting payment (optionally), identifying and reserving inventory (both on hand and scheduled), and committing and scheduling a delivery date.
Order Fill: A measure of the number of orders processed without stockouts, or the need to back order, expressed as a percentage of all orders processed in the distribution center or warehouse.
Order Management: The planning, directing, monitoring, and controlling of the processes related to customer orders, manufacturing orders, and purchase orders. Regarding customer orders, order management includes order promising, order entry, order pick, pack and ship, billing, and reconciliation of the customer account. Regarding manufacturing orders, order management includes order release, routing, manufacture, monitoring, and receipt into stores or finished goods inventories. Regarding purchase orders, order management includes order placement, monitoring, receiving, acceptance, and payment of supplier.
Order Management Costs: One of the elements comprising a company's total supply chain management costs. These costs consist of the following: