9-son –to’plam dekabr 2021 pedagoglar uz 1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

---

19-son 1 
–to’plam dekabr 2021
 
 
pedagoglar.uz
 
612
HISTORY OF THE BICYCLE
 
Xasanova Lobar Abdusattorovna 
Navoiy viloyati Navbahor tumani 
10-umumiy o'rta ta'lim maktabi 
Ingliz tili fani o'qituvchisi 
Annontatsion: 
Vehicles that have two wheels and require balancing by the 
rider date back to the early 19th century. The first means of transport making use 
of two wheels arranged consecutively, and thus the archetype of the bicycle, was 
the German 
draisine
 dating back to 1817. The term 
bicycle
 was coined in France in 
the 1860s, and the descriptive title "penny farthing", used to describe an "ordinary 
bicycle", is a 19th-century term. 
Key words: 
term , unverified, invention, sketch, maintained
 
There are several early, but unverified claims for the invention of the 
bicycle. 
A sketch from around 1500 AD is attributed to Gian Giacomo Caprotti, a pupil 
of Leonardo da Vinci, but it was described by Hans-Erhard Lessing in 1998 as a 
purposeful fraud, a description now generally accepted.
[1][2][3]
 However, the 
authenticity of the bicycle sketch is still vigorously maintained by followers of 
Prof. Augusto Marinoni, a lexicographer and philologist, who was entrusted by the 
Commissione Vinciana of Rome with the transcription of Leonardo's Codex 
Atlanticus.
[4][5]
 
Later, and equally unverified, is the contention that a certain "Comte de Sivrac" 
developed a 
célérifère
in 1792, demonstrating it at the Palais-Royal in France. 
The 
célérifère
supposedly had two wheels set on a rigid wooden frame and no 
steering, directional control being limited to that attainable by leaning.
[6]
 A rider 
was said to have sat astride the machine and pushed it along using alternate feet. It 

---