475 Technical Solutions for Reduction of Waste Fuel Specific Emissions Flue Gas t reatment Innovative Technical Solutions for Reduction of Waste Fuel Specific Emissions in Cement Plants


Renato Sarc, Roland Pomberger, Karl E. Lorber



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Bog'liq
2017 WM 475-498 Sarc

Renato Sarc, Roland Pomberger, Karl E. Lorber

482

Flue 

Gas T

reatment

•  oxidizing gas atmosphere in rotary kiln,

•  gas retention time in the secondary firing system (at kiln inlet) of more than  

two seconds at temperatures of above 850 °C.

As described below, a characteristic feature of the pyro-chemical clinker burning process 

is the temperature distribution of gas and solids inside the cement plant which covers 

a wide range (about 100 to 2,000 °C), Figure 8.

2,000


1,800

1,600


1,400

1,000


1,200

600


800

400


200

Temperature

°C

Gas Temperature



Material Temperature

0

Equipment



Filter

Raw


Mill

Gas-Duct+

Cool

Tower


Pre-

heater


Pre-

calciner


Rotary kiln

Cooler


Gas retention time

about


15 s

about


2 s

about


10 s

about


10 s

about


3 s

about


5 s

about


50 s

60 s to


30 min

30 s to


30 min

about


10 s

about


1 s

about


30 min

about


30 min

Material


retention time

Figure 8:  Thermochemical process of clinker burning at different temperature zones 

Source:  Willitsch, F.; Reinhold, H.: Exmercury – Splitted Preheater System – A new Solution for Emission Reduction in the 

Cement Industry. 2015; Online: www.atec-greco.com, www.scheuch.com, www.wup.at

There are technical reasons and legal restrictions as well, that restrain the location of 

the fuel feeding ports in the kiln system:

•  The raw meal is heated up gradually, after grinding from 80 °C to about 1,000 °C 

at the kiln inlet up to the sintering temperature of 1,450 °C in the burning zone, 

Figure 8;

•  According to the Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions [17] as well as to 

the Austrian Waste Incineration Ordinance (WIO) [3], the off-gas has to be heated 

up to a temperature of > 850 °C with a minimum retention time of two seconds.

As shown in Figure 9, different feeding ports can be used to charge various types of 

fuels into the kiln. The potential feeding ports in a cement production plant are [18]:

(1) via the main burner at the rotary kiln outlet end: SRF premium quality: particle 

size (d


95

) < 35 mm, LHV: > 18 MJ/kg

OS

,




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