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Choosing Chem istry a Profession
The students enrolled for a course in general chemistry can and do ask themselves the question: “What real use is this course to me?”
The answer for the student who intends to major in a science is obvious. His hope is to derive information to use as a tool in making a living.
There is an answer, however, beyond the fact that the course may be required.
The period of the teens and early twenties is a crucial one in life. It is during this time that the student is approaching intcllcctual and emotional maturity and is physically in his prime. It is also at this time that he is striving to discover what meaning and purpose there may be in life; he is about to come to the conclusion that other people actually exist as important entities rather than adjuncts to his personal welfare; and it is now that with freshly opening eyes he seeks to put the world into an understandable perspective. At no other time than this is the mind so supple and so capablc of amendment.
If there is any real lack peculiar to the age, it is the lack of all kinds of experience. Years at college should provide the social and personal experiences to fill this gap. The first year at collcgc may also be one of keen disillusionment, as the student discovers that the professors are not the gods who hold the final answers to all being and meaning in their august persons.
The particular and important scrvicc that the chemistry teacher can make is the contribution of facts to the building materials of personal philosophy. Certainly, the best and finest house requires the most materials for its construction, and the most complete and satisfactory of personal philosophies must be housed in a framework of fact, however gaudily it may later be dccoratcd with the furniture of speculation.
This we can do: provide the student with some ideas concerning the structure of matter, the finitcness of the kinds of matter, and the changes matter can undergo. To this, it is hoped, may be added an appreciation for the orderliness of nature and simple laws which govern the infinite proliferation of her works. One should be careful to present known facts as the facts of experience and experiment and stress the idea that the guiding light of theory must be confirmed by the bench of physical manipulation.
Words and Word-Combinations to Be Memorized
be about, age, beyond, certainly, conclusion, fill, framework, fresh, gap, govern, guide, infinite, intend, tack, major, other than, person, philosophy, purpose, real, service, tool
Ex. 5. Give the Uzbek equivalents for the following:
intend to do smth., derive information, make a living, the period of the teens, a crucial period, intcllcctual maturity, be about to conclude, personal welfare, be capablc of amendment, the lack of all kinds of experience, years at collcgc, fill the gap, provide smb. with smth., to undergo changes, the orderliness of nature, guiding light of theory, physical manipulation
Ex. 6. Give the English equivalents for the following:
kasb tanlash, umumiy kimyo kursi, * ma'lumotga umid, hayotdagi maqsad, shaxsiy farovonlik, tajriba etishmasligi, muhim xizmatni tanlash; moddaning tuzilishi haqidagi g'oyalar; oddiy qonunlar, ehtiyot bo'lish kerak, dalillarni ... sifatida ko'rsatish, fikrni ta'kidlash, haqiqatni tasdiqlash, qoniqarli tushuntirish
Ex. 7. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
1 — student hopes to derive... information to use as...tool in making ... living. 2 .... period of the teens and early twenties is characterized by ... lack of all kinds o f ... experience. 3 .... first year a t... college may be... period o f ... disillusionment. 4 student discovers th at... professors are not... gods. 5— chemistry teacher can provide... student with some fundamental ideas concerning ... matter.
Ex. 8. Give synonyms for the following:
actual, aim, apparent, obtain from, come nearer, too, find out, try to, give, of course, nice, thought, emphasize, lead
Ex. 9. Givp antonyms for the following:
ask, late, come, now, with, excess, best, earlier, careless, finite
Ex. 10. Translate the sentences into Uzbek.
1. The methods cmplycd depend upon the system under consideration.2. It is owing to the dissociation o f acetic acid that the solution becomes alkaline. 3. Discussed in the prccccding chapter is the behaviour of systems formed of two components. 4. It is not improbable that the ratio o f the concentrations of a given substance, distributed between two phases, will be constant. 5. It is not until the solution forms a column of height hthat water enters the tube. 6. Neither can one suppose that the vapour obeys the law'. 7. Sodium acetate in water does undergo a partial decomposition. 8. Given in the following table are the values of the solubility. 9. To be sure, the most interesting thing about the conduct of hydrogen is its affinity for oxygen. 10. Putting it another way, the reverse process to that of oxidation is called reduction. 11. Although there can be at least as many alcohols as there are hydrocarbons, only a few of these are of importance. 12. Generally speaking, not all chemical reactions are accompanied by a release of energy. 13. Kinetically, chemical activity is due to collisions o f the molecules o f the reacting substances. 14. Surprising as it may Seem, compounds containing the sodium ion are almost ccrtain to be soluble. IS. The greater the acidity, the greater is the capacity for holding anions. 16. To sum up, the galogens, as a group, form one of the most striking examples of family relationship found in the periodic table. 17. Generally speaking, it is among the spontaneousprocesses of nature, many of them chemical, that We find energy for doing our work. 18. A changc in velocity is called an acceleration. 19. The greater the applied force, the greater the changc in velocity — that is to say, the greater the acceleration.
Ex. 11. Translate the sentences into English without using a dictionary.
1. Odatda, agar kishi fan bilan shug'ullanishni yoki pul ishlash uchun foydalanishi mumkin bo'lgan ma'lumotni olishga umid qilsa, talaba bo'ladi. 2. Yoshlik bu uchun eng qulay davr. 3. Ba'zan o'quvning birinchi yillarida talabaning ko'ngli qolmoqda. 4. Bunday holda, kasb tanlash to'g'ri yoki yo'qligini ko'rib chiqish tavsiya etiladi. 5. Ta'limning asosiy maqsadlaridan biri tanlangan sohadagi fundamental nazariyalar va yangi g'oyalar bilan tanishishdir.
Ex. 12. Answer the following questions:
1. What question do students often ask themselves? 2. Why is the period of the teens and early twenties regarded as a crucial period of one’s life? 3. Why may the first year at collcgc be the period of disillusionment?4. What service can the chemistry teacher make? 5. What knowledge is the chemistry student provided with?
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