$25. 002009 ieee 52 ieee

march/april 2009

 

IEEE

 

power & energy magazine  

53

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54 

IEEE

 

power & energy magazine

 

march/april 2009

circuit loading if the charging times and schedules are not 

properly managed and controlled. Grid management issues 

would be exacerbated further if the car batteries were used 

as generation resources to provide energy and ancillary ser-

vices into the grid. Major upgrades to the distribution system 

infrastructure may be required to address bidirectional fl ow 

patterns and increased loading. But the existing power de-

livery infrastructure has signifi cant room for improvement 

through automation and information management, condition 

monitoring, and asset management, especially on the distri-

bution system.