2-theme The steps of development and glances about democratic

2 - mavzu

• O'zbekistonda demokrtik jamiyat tugrisidagi karashlar va uning rivojlanish boskichlari.
• 2-theme
• The steps of development and glances about democratic
• society in Uzbekistan.

Reja

• 1. O'zbekistonda davlatchilik nazariyasining paydo bulish tarixi.
• 2. Davlatchilik goyalarining nazariy asoslari va ularning shakllanishi.
• 3. O'zbekistonda demokratik jamiyat kurishning rivojlanish boskichlari.
• The plan
• 1. The history of rising of statement theory in Uzbekistan.
• 2. The development and theory bases of statement ideas
• 3. The steps of development of making democratic society in Uzbekistan

1-savol: Milliy davlatchiligimiz tugrisidagi eng kadimgi manba “Avesto”. “Men yaxshi fikr, yaxshi suz, yaxshi ishga shon – shavkat baxsh etaman”. Uygonish davri (IX – XIII) madaniyatining uziga xos tomonlari: 1. Dunyoviy ma'rifatga intilish; 2. Tabiatga kizikish, tabiatshunoslik ilmlarining rivoji, akl kuchiga ishonish 3. Insonni uluglash, komil insonni tarbiyalash;

4. Komusiylik, tabiat xodisalari bilan kizikish, moxiyatini bilishga intilish; 5. Davlat kurilishi va boshkaruvining nazariy negizlarini (adolat, axlok, xukuk) rivojlantirish; 6. Davlat raxbari va xizmatchilarining faoliyat darajalari tasniflari, ma'suliyat mezonlari tizimi nazariy negizlarini yaratish;

Islom dini paydo bulishi va tarkalishi bilan uning nazariy, falsafiy, xukukiy tomonlarini ishlab chikishga e'tibor ortib bordi. (Imom Buxoriy, Termiziy, Motrudiy, Yassaviy, N.Kubro, A.Gijduvoniy, B. Nakshband). Milliy davlatchilik tugrisidagi karashlarning rivojida A.Temurning xizmati katta. Uning eng katta xizmati adolat goyalariga asoslangan milliy davlatchilik ta'limotlarining xukukiy negizlarini yaratganligi.

Bu masalada A.Navoiyning xizmatlari katta. Adolatsizlik va zulm davlatni tanazzulga, jamiyatni jaxolatga olib keladi. Davlatchilik tarixi va uning tarak-kiyoti islom falsafasi bilan xam boglik. Ajdodlarimiz dunyoviy va diniy ilmlarni bevosita uygun tarzda olib borishgan. U xox diniy, xox dunyoviy yunalishda bulmasin uning asosida inson – jamiyat – davlat muammosi yotadi.

3-savol: Urta Osiyo xalklarining mustam-lakachilik siyosatiga karshi milliy ozodlik kurashining asosiy boskichlari kuyidagilar: 1-boskich: 1860 – 1904 yillar. Bu davr mil- liy tarkoklik, davlat boshkaruvi ishla-rida ma'rifatsizlik, maxalliy amaldor-larning nafs va riyokorlik botkogiga botishi.

2-boskich: 1904 – 1918 yillar: Turkiston milliy davlat mustakilligi uchun kurashda ozodlik xarakatlarining uziga xos xususiyatlari, jadidlarning musta- killik uchun kurash goyalari, milliy dav-latchilik nazariyasining paydo bulishi. 3 – boskich: 1918 – 1991 yillar: 1917 yil 26 – 28 noyabr Kukonda ulka umummusulmonlarining s'ezdi “Kukon muxoriyati”ni tashkil etdi.

1918 y 23 yanvar Turkiston Sovetlarining IV ulka Kukon muxtoriyatini konundan tashkari deb e'lon kildi. Uzbek ziyolilarining mustakillik uchun kurashi 30 – 40 xamda 50 – 60 yillarda xam turli siyosiy kurinishlarda xam davom etdi. XX asrning 80 – yillariga kelib katagonlik siyosati davom etdi. “O'zbeklar ishi”, “Paxta ishi” bilan 11 ming O'zbekistonlik raxbarlar, oddiy fukarolar ta'kib ostiga olindi.

Shunday kaltis vaziyatda 1989 yil 23 iyunda I.A.Karimov O'zbkistonning birinchi raxbari sifatida uz faoliyatini boshladi. U kiska davrda yangi milliy siyosatni shakllantirishga erishdi. O'zbekistonda mustakil davlat tashkil etishning barcha siyosiy, xukukiy zaminlari yaratildi. 1991 yil 31 avgust O'zbekiston Respubli-kasining mustakilligi e'lon kilindi.

Lecture 2 Historical views about democratic society and levels of its development Democratic form of organizations go deep back into past, to those times when there were no republic. They appeared when humanity appeared. Through primitive form of democracy went all peoples: Greeks, Germans and others. The first classical form of republic was Athens Republic, which appeared in fifth century B.C. and represented a collective form of democracy. Existing nowadays democratic systems develop from the forms that appeared at the end of XVIII-XIX centuries under direct influence of liberalism.

Usually, when it is talked about civil society, they turn their views to Aristotle. And really this lecture is about views of this philosopher, who thought that civil society is the society of free, equal citizens connected with each other with determined form of political structure. In this lecture we will look over views of East and West philosophers on democratic societies, republic, human.