111-The following steps outline a simple and effective strategy for writing a

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111——The following steps outline a simple and effective strategy for writing a 
research paper. Depending on your familiarity with the topic and the challenges you 
encounter along the way, you may need to rearrange these steps. 
Step 1: Identify and develop your topic 
Selecting a topic can be the most challenging part of a research assignment. Since 
this is the very first step in writing a paper, it is vital that it be done correctly.
Step 2 : Do a preliminary search for information 
Before beginning your research in earnest, do a preliminary search to determine 
whether there is enough information out there for your needs and to set the context 
of your research. Look up your keywords in the appropriate titles in the library's 
Reference collection (such as encyclopedias and dictionaries) and in other sources 
such as our catalog of books, periodical databases, and Internet search engines. 
Additional background information may be found in your lecture notes, textbooks, 
and reserve readings. You may find it necessary to adjust the focus of your topic in 
light of the resources available to you. 
Step 3: Locate materials 
With the direction of your research now clear to you, you can begin locating material 
on your topic. There are a number of places you can look for information: 
If you are looking for books, do a subject search in the Alephcatalog. A Keyword 
search can be performed if the subject search doesn't yield enough information. Print 
or write down the citation information (author, title,etc.) and the location (call 
number and collection) of the item(s). Note the circulation status. When you locate 
the book on the shelf, look at the books located nearby; similar items are always 
shelved in the same area. The Aleph catalog also indexes the library's audio-visual 
holdings. 

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Step 5: Make notes 
Consult the resources you have chosen and note the information that will be useful 
in your paper. Be sure to document all the sources you consult, even if you there is 
a chance you may not use that particular source. The author, title, publisher, URL, 
and other information will be needed later when creating a bibliography. 
Step 6: Write your paper 
Begin by organizing the information you have collected. The next step is the rough 
draft, wherein you get your ideas on paper in an unfinished fashion. This step will 
help you organize your ideas and determine the form your final paper will take. After 
this, you will revise the draft as many times as you think necessary to create a final 
product to turn in to your instructor. 
Step 7: Cite your sources properly 
Give credit where credit is due; cite your sources. 
Citing or documenting the sources used in your research serves two purposes: it 
gives proper credit to the authors of the materials used, and it allows those who are 
reading your work to duplicate your research and locate the sources that you have 
listed 
as 
references. 
The 
MLA 
(http://www.nhcc.edu/student-
resources/library/doinglibraryresearch/citing-sources-in-mla-style) and the APA 
(http://www.nhcc.edu/student-resources/library/doinglibraryresearch/citing-
sources-in-apa-style) Styles are two popular citation formats. 
Failure to cite your sources properly is plagiarism. Plagiarism is avoidable! 
Step 8: Proofread 
The final step in the process is to proofread the paper you have created. Read through 
the text and check for any errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Make sure 
the sources you used are cited properly. Make sure the message that you want to get 
across to the reader has been thoroughly stated. 

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2222—Research, by its nature, is a critical challenging task requires in depth 
knowledge of the subject matter, planning, care, and hard work. From the students' 
point of view, this paper attempts to explore the challenges that are faced by 
undergraduates when they are writing proposals and research projects at the early 
stages. The study target group comprised undergraduates in the final year in the 
College of Science and Arts, Al-Namas, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Around 
60 subjects participated in this study and they were from Department of English and 
Department of Computer Science who conducted their research projects in English 
as Second Language (ESL). 
The Research tools of the study include questionnaire and informal interviews with 
students and teachers of the target groups. Clearly, the results from study showed 
that around 70 % of the participants who are writing research or conducting research 
projects in English is one of the predominant challenges for them. Around 50% 
prefer to conduct their research in L1. The study explored various and common 
challenges/difficulties during writing the research proposals and projects such as: 
difficulty in deciding the topic for research, lack of good knowledge of the 
methodology, inability of finding modern, specialized and related references, lack 
of interest in research, lack of understanding of the subject matter, lack of time, and 
research 
guiding. 
The 
study 
also 
attempts 
to 
give 
some 
suggestions/recommendations for developing the process of writing research 
proposals and research projects. 
333—-How to Write a Research Methodology for Your Academic Article 
June 21, 20178 Min Read 
For academic writing help, focus on these criteria and tips on how to write a great 
research methodology for your academic article 

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This article is part of an ongoing series on academic writing help of scholarly 
articles. Previous parts explored how to write an introduction for a research paper 
(http://www.expertjournals.com/how-to-write-great-introduction-4-tips-academic-
article/%20target=) 
and 
a 
literature 
review 
outline 
and 
format 
(http://www.expertjournals.com/tips-for-writing-a-great-literature-review-format-
for-academic-articles/%20target=). 
The Methodology section portrays the reasoning for the application of certain 
techniques and methods in the context of the study. 
For your academic article, when you describe and explain your chosen methods it is 
very important to correlate them to your research questions and/or hypotheses. The 
description of the methods used should include enough details so that the study can 
be replicated by other Researchers, or at least repeated in a similar situation or 
framework. 
Every stage of your research needs to be explained and justified with clear 
information on why you chose those particular methods, and how they help you 
answer your research question or purpose. 
As the Authors, in this section you get to explain the rationale of your article for 
other Researchers. You should focus on answering the following questions: 
• How did you collect the data or how did you generate the data? 
• Which research methods did you use? 
• Why did you choose these methods and techniques? 
• How did you use these methods for analyzing the research question or problem? 
The responses to these questions should be clear and precise, and the answers should 
be written in past tense. 
First off, let’s establish the differences between research methods and research 
methodology.