1. Vocabulary• Service sector• Industrial Revolution• Manufacturing• Generating• Volume

• 1. Vocabulary• Service sector• Industrial Revolution• Manufacturing• Generating• Volume
• 2. History of Industry• The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in 1750 AD – allowing the UK to dominate international trade in the 19th century• Manufacturing (factory) jobs and farming jobs once accounted for a great majority of jobs in the UK until the 1950s when Service sector jobs became the majority. – Shipbuilding – Coal Mining – Steelmaking

• 3. Overview of the Industry in G.B.• The main industries today are banking and finance, steel, transport equipment, oil and gas, and tourism• Other industries-• Machine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing, and other consumer goods

• 4. Continued Overview• Labour force: 29.7 million• Labour force - by occupation: agriculture 1.4%, industry 18.2%, services 80.4%• Unemployment rate: 7.9%

• 5. Farming• It contributes around 0.5% of GDP. Around two thirds of production is devoted to livestock, one third to arable crops.• Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with only 1.4 % of the labour force.• cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables, cattle, sheep, poultry, fish.

• energy production accounts for 10% of GDP – one of the highest shares of any industrial nation.• Largest industry- related jobs are Automotive and aerospace.
• 7. The Automotive Industry• The automotive industry is a significant part of the UK manufacturing sector and employs over 800,000 people, generating £26.6 billion of exports• Famous cars made in UK – Aston Martin, Bentley, Daimler, Jaguar, Lagonda, Land Rover, Lotus, McLaren, MG, Mini, Morgan and Rolls-Royce• UK is the 12th-largest producer of cars measured by volume.

• Aerospace Industry• The aerospace industry of the United Kingdom is the second largest national aerospace industry in the world• The industry employs around 389,000 people and generates around £20 billion
• 9. Service Sector• Service sector jobs make up 80.4% of all jobs.• Main service industries: banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDP

• This industry added gross value of £86,145 million to the UK economy.• The UKs exports of financial and business services are very important to the British economy
• 11. Tourism• Tourism is very important to the British economy. – With over 27 million tourists arriving in 2004, the United Kingdom is ranked as the sixth major tourist destination in the world• Tourism is Britain’s 5th largest industry,• 3rd largest export earner and worth £115 billion a year.• It employs 2.6 million people

• British industry is a combination of publicly-and privately-owned companies. Since the 1980s, successive governments have worked to privatize most state-owned industries, but concerns over unemployment and public opposition to further privatization has slowed future plans. Examples of industries that remain owned by the government include railways, ship building, and some steel companies. Major segments of British industry include energy, mining, manufacturing, and construction.

• One of the strongest components of the British economy is the energy sector. The United Kingdom is a net exporter of energy. In addition to oil, the kingdom has abundant reserves of natural gas, coal, and atomic power. Most of the kingdom's energy resources are concentrated in the North Sea. Currently there are more than 100 active oil and natural gas fields.

• . The main energy resource is oil. The king-dom's proven reserves of oil exceed 5 billion barrels. In 1999, oil production reached it highest level at an average of 2.95 . The natural gas industry has been marked by increasing liberalization following the 1986 privatization of the state- monopoly British Gas. This was followed by the 1994 privatization of the nation's coal industry. The coal sector has undergone a dramatic decline. Coal production fell from 119 million short tons in 1986 to 46 million short tons in 1999.
• million barrels per day at 15 major oil refineries.

• About 75 percent of the market is controlled by 2 companies, Blue Circle Cement and Castle Cement. Blue Circle also controls about 25 percent of the Canadian market. British Steel is Europe's largest steel producer with revenues of US$12 billion. In the United Kingdom, British Steel produces about 13 million metric tons of steel per year. However, competition from foreign companies has led to plans by the manufacturer for significant reductions in the number of workers over the next 5 years.