1. The first Germanic consonant shift. Grimm's Law. Verner's Law. The shift of stress


Class VII The most common are the following patterns: a



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Class VII The most common are the following patterns:

a - e - e - a

x_ ei - e - x



a - eo - eo - a

ea - co - eo - ea

ea — co - eo — ea

hatan - het - heton - haten (to call);

Isetan - let - leton - lxten (to let), etc.

As a result of later developments, only a few remnants of the original seven classes of strong verbs can be found in Modern English; verbs formerly belonging to classes I, IlI a, b, IV, VI survive to some extent; others have changed beyond recognition. A significant number of the verbs belonging to the seven classes of the strong conjugation have changed into the weak conjugation: many others disappeared altogether and semantically have been replaced by other verbs, borrowed from other languages (Latin or French).




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