1. O’zgaruvchan, yarim o’zgaruvchan va o’zgarmas xarajatlar

Examples of Semi-Variable Costs

The fixed portion of a semi-variable cost is fixed up to a certain production volume. This means semi-variable costs are fixed for a range of activity and may change beyond that for different activity levels. For example, electricity costs for a production facility may be $1,000 per month just to keep the lights on and building functioning at a minimal level. However, if production doubled and additional machines are run using more electricity, the cost may be $1,800 for the month.

Overtime on a production line has semi-variable features. If a certain level of labor is required for production line operations, this is the fixed cost. Any additional production volume that requires overtime results in variable expenses dependent on the activity level. In a typical cellphone billing contract, a monthly flat rate is charged in addition to overage charges based on excessive bandwidth usage. Also, a salesperson’s salary typically has a fixed component, such as a salary, and a variable portion, such as a commission.

A business experiences semi-variable costs in relation to the operation of fleet vehicles. Certain costs, such as monthly vehicle loan payments, insurance, depreciation, and licensing are fixed and independent of usage. Other expenses, including gasoline and oil, are related to the use of the vehicle and reflect the variable portion of the cost.