1 course 2 term Lesson 1 Theme: The modal verb: must. Interrogative negative sententences. Text: Tashkent. Ingliz tilida keraklilik, shartlilikni berilishi. (Must). Must modal fe'li

O'tgan Kelasi Zamon Oddly fe'li (O'KZO)

I. Yasalishi. O'KZO ni shall va will ko'makchi fe'llarining o'tgan zamondagi shakllari, yani: should

[ ] - 1 shaxs uchun hamda would |wud] - 2- va 3- shaxslar uchun va asosiy fe'lning to siz infinitiv shaklidan yasaladi. Would ba'zan 1- shaxsga nisbatan ham ishlatiladi.

I shaxs should (would)

II, III shaxs would to siz infinitive

I didn't know that you would get home soon. Siz tez orada uyga qaytishingizni bilmagandim.

He wanted to lcnow what time I would be back home .Taqqoslang:

He didn't know where he lived. He didn't lcnow where I had gone. He didn't know when I would be in.

Qayerda yashashimni u bilmasdi. Qayerga ketganimni u bilmasdi. Qachon uyda bo'lishimni u bilmasdi. .Men uyga qachon kelishimni u bilmoqchi edi.

3. 
   O'zgalar nutqini berish uchun to say, to ask, to tell va boshqa fe'llar ishlatiladi, ulardan so'ng ergash gap keladi. Agar bu fe'llar o'tgan zamonlardan birida bo'lsa, zamonlar moslashuvi qoidasiga rioya qilinadi. Ko'rsatish olmoshlari, payt va joy ravishlari o'zlashtirma gapda quyidagicha o'zgaradi:
   

Ko'chirma gap O'zlashtirma gap

this bu, shu that a, o'sha

these bular, shular those ular, о 'shalar

here shu yerda there и yerda

now hozir then о 'shanda

yesterday kecha that day о 'sha kuni, the day before bir кип oldin

tomorrow ertaga the next day, the following day keyingi hakun

ago oldin before ungacha, earlier - ertaroq

last week o'tgan hafia the week before bir hafia oldin

last year о 'tgan yili the year before bir yil oldin

next week kelasi hafta the next week, the following week keyingi hafia

next year kelasi yili the next year, the following year - keyingi yil

Taqqoslang:

He said he would begin now. U hozir boshlashini aytdi.

He said he hadn't known about it then. Bu haqida u o'shanda bilmaganligini aytdi.

He said he would be back here tomorrow. U bu erga ertaga qaytishini aytdi. He told me he would be there next day. U yerda u kelasi kuni bo'lishini aytdi

3. 
   Agar ergash gapning o'zi ham qo'shma gap bo'lsa, uning tarkibiga lciruvchi barcha gaplar zamonlar moslashuvi qoidasiga bo'ysinadi.
   

Taqqoslang: He says that he will go for a walk as soon U tushlik qilib bo'liboq sayrga chiqishini as he has had dinner. aytadi.

He said that he would go for a walk as U tushlik qilib bo'liboq sayrga chiqishini soon as he had had dinner. aytdi.

4. Agar o'zlashtirma gapda bir necha orqami ketin sodir bo'lgan ish harakatlar berilsa, unga birinchi ergash gap TO'Z da bo'ladi, qolganlari O'ZO da bo'ladi (agar ish-harakat tartibi buzilmasa). Peter told me that he had been to the theatre, where he mgt an old friend named Nick. After the play they went home together and talked about the friends with whom they had been on the front Nick gave Peter a lot of interesting news of their friend.They were both very glad to see each other and decided to meet again.

Peter teatrda bo'lib, u yerda qadrdon do'sti Nikolayni uchratib qolganligini menga aytdi P'yesadan so'ng ular birga uyga borishibdi va frontda birga bo'lgan do'stlari haqida gaplashishib-di. Nikolay Peterga ularning do'stlari haqida ko'p qiziqarli narsalar avtib beribdi. Ular bir- birlarini ko'rishgani-dan

juda xursand bo'lishibdi va yana uchrashishga qaror qilishibdi.



Lesson 4

Theme : The Tag question.

Text:Uzbekistan

Tasdiq so'roq gap.

1. 
   Tasdiq so'roq gap .savolda ishlatilgan fikrni tasdiq yoki inkor etilishini talab qiladi. U ikki qismdan iborat: birinchi qismi (bo'lishli yoki bo'lishsiz) darak gap, ikkinchi qismi esa - tegishli shakldagi ko'makchi (yoki modal) fe'l va bosh kelishikdagi kishilik olmoshidan iborat bo'lgan qisqa umumiy so'roq gap. Savolni darak gap qismi bolishli bo'lsa, so'roq gap qismi bo'lishsiz bo'ladi va aksincha. You bought the tickets, didn't you? Siz bilet sotib oldingiz, shundaymi?
   

You had a good time in the country last Siz o'tgan dam olish kunlarini shahar

week-end, didn't you? chetida yaxshi o'tkazdingiz, shunday

emasmi?. He

hasn't come back from Leningrad yet, U hali Leningraddan qaytmadi,

has he? , shundaymi?

Bunday gaplar o'zbek tiliga shundaymi? shunday emasmi? deb tarjima qilinadi. He didn't read all day, did he? U kuni bo'yi o'qimadi, shimdaymi?

You were on duty yesterday, weren't Siz kecha navbatchi .edingiz, shunday

you? emasmi?

The sick man can't go out yet, can he? Bemor hali tashqariga chiqa olmaydi,

shundaymi?

2. 
   Tasdiq so'roq gapdagi ohang, gapiruvchi o'z savoliga qanday javob kutishiga bog'liq. Agar gapiruvchi o'z savoliga bo'lishli javob olishni kutsa, tasdiq so'roq gapning har ikki qismi pasayuvchi ohangda talaffuz qilinadi.
   

He hasn't been there, \has he? U u yerda bo'lmagan, shundaymi?

Agar savolda javob haqida taxmin bo'lmasa, ikkinchi qism ko'tariluvchi ohangda talaffuz qilinadi. It's clear, isn't it? Siz buni tushundizngiz, shundaymi?

You are ready, aren't you? Siz tayyorsiz, shundaymi?

E s 1 a t m a - 1 : Ko'pincha ko'makchi yoki modal fe'l bilan not inkor yuklamasi birikib keladi: isn't, aren't, wasn't, weren't, shan't, won't, hasn't, haven't, can't, mustn't Biroq, "am" qisqartirilgan shaklda ishlatilmaydi, uning o'rniga aren't ishlatiladi.

I'm right, aren't I? Men haqman, shundaymi?

I'm late, aren't I? Men kech qoldim, shundaymi?

Es 1 atraa - 2 : Bunday savolning darak gap qismi bilan so'roq gap qismi orasiga doim vergul belgisi qo'yiladi.

E s 1 a t m a - 3 : Qisqa javobda o'zbek tilidagi Ha va Yo 'q ingliz tilidagi yes va no ko'pincha bir - biriga mos kelma

"Your factory has a good football team, Sizning zavodingizda yaxshi futbol

hasn't it?" komandasi bor, shundaymi?

"Yes". -Ha, bor.

"Your factory hasn't got a football team, - Sizning zavodingizda futbol komandast

has it?" yo'q, shundaymi?

"No". -Ha, yo'q.

INDEPENDENT UZBEKISTAN
The Great holiday of our people is the Independence day. This holiday

is widely celebrated on the 1st of September every year. As we know

the Independence of Uzbekistan was declared on the 31st of August in
1991. After Uzbekistan had become an independent state many changes
underwent in its foreign and home politics.
Uzbekistan has its own Constitution, anthem, flag and emblem.
Uzbekistan became the member of the United Nations Organization on the
2nd of March in 1992. Uzbekistan has its own major principles of
foreign and home politics.
More than 130 developed countries of the world admitted Uzbekistan as
an Independent state. Uzbekistan maintains economic and cultural
relations with the USA, Japan, Great Britain, France, Germany,
Turkey and many others. From year to year the number of joint-ventures,
new plants, factories, embessies is increasing in our Republic.
Exercise 3. Make up sentences with the following words and expressions.

the Great holiday, independence day, celebrate,every year, anniversary of

independence, know, to be declared, become, an independent state, many changes,

foreign and home politics, own, member,major principles, developed

countries, maintain,relations, joint-ventures.

Lesson 5 Theme: The verbs: say , tell,speak , talk.
To speak, to talk, to say, to tell fe'llari.

1. To speak fe'li quyidagi ma'nolarga ega:

1) Gapirmoq, tili chiqmoq, bir or kishiga (to), bir or kishi bilan biron narsa haqida (about) gapirmoq, gaplashmoq.

Did you speak to him about it yesterday? Siz bu haqida u bilan gaplashdingizmi? My friend always speaks very quickly. Do'stim doim tez gapiradi.

I saw him, but I didn't speak to him.. Men uni ko'rdim, biroq u bilan gaplashmadim.

Bu ma'noda to speak fe'li vositasiz to'ldiruvchi bilan quyidagi birikmalarda ishlatiladi:

to speak the truth haqiqatni aytmoq

to speak a word so'z aytmoq.

Masalan: I never spoke a word to him all evening. Men butun oqshom unga biror so'z

aytmadim.

He doesn't always speak the truth. U har doim ham rost gapiravermaydi.

To speak the truth, I don't really like it. Ochig'ini aytsam bu menga uncha

yoqmayapti.

2. 
   (Biror tilda) gapirmoq. Bu ma'noda to speak feli o'timli bo'lib, vositasiz to'ldiruvchi biian ishlatiladi:
   

Can your son speak English? O'g'lingiz ingliz tilida gapira oladimi?

How many languages do you speak? Siz nechta til bilasiz?

2. 
   Gapirmoq, nutq so'zlamoq va hokazo: Who spoke at the meeting yesterday? Kecha yig'ilishda kim gapirdi? Who's going to speak at the meeting? Kim majlisda so' zga chiqadi? Comrade Petrov is going to speak now. Hozir o'rtoq Petrov nutq so'zlaydi.
   

2. To talk fe'li gapirmoq, gaplashmoq, suhbatlashmoq ma'nosini bildiradi. To talk dan farqi to speak rasmiy holatlarda ishlatiladi to talk esa og'zaki nutqda ishlatiladi.

Stop talking. Gaplashmang.

(bu o'rinda faqat to talk ishlatiladi, to speak ni ishlatib bolmaydi.) My son talked (or learnt to talk) very early. O'glim ancha erta gapira boshladi. Who did you talk to? Kim bilan gaplashdingiz?

What did they talk about? Ular nima haqida gaplashishdi?

(norasmiy holatda)

He talks too much. U juda ko'p gapiradi.

3. 
   То say fe'li demoq, aytmoq, fikr bildirmoq ma'nolarida ishlatiladi:
   
   1. 
      Ko'chirma gapni kiritishda. Bunda u ko'chirma gapdan oldin kelishi mumkin:
      

He said to me, "if you like, I'll get some tickets for the cinema". «Agar xohlasangiz kinoga chipta olaman,» - dedi u menga. "if you like," He said to me, "I'll get some tickets for the cinema." «Agar xohlasangiz - dedi u menga, - men kinoga chipta olaman». "The lesson is over", the teacher said. «Dars tugadi», - dedi o'qituvchi.

2. 
   To'ldiruvchi ergash gap bilan, vositali to'ldiruvchi bo'lmasa: He said he liked the city. U unga shahar yoqishini aytdi (= fikr bildirdi). He says he wants to go to the country on U yakshanba kuni shahar chetiga Sunday. chiqishini aytdi.
   
3. 
   Vositasiz to'ldiruvchi bilan ishlatiladi, agar vositali to'ldiruvchi bo'lmasa. Please say it again. iltimos buni qaytaring.
   

Did he say that'? Buni u aytdimi? ,

Who said that? Buni kim aytdi?

3. 
   To tell fe'li aytmoq, xabar bermoq, kimgadir aytmoq ma'nosida ishlatiladi va faqat vositali to'ldiruvchi bilan ishlatiladi, ya'ni filer kimga aytilganligi ko'rsatilishi kerak.
   

I'm not just saying it. I'm telling you. Men buni shunchaki aytayotganim yo'q, men senga etkazib qo'yyapman

. He told me the story of this life. U menga hayoti haqida gapirib berdi.

Father told me about it yesterday. Otam menga bu haqida kecha aytdi.

Ko'pincha to tell fe'li bilan vositali to'ldiruvchidan tashqari, biron alohida so'z, so'z birikmasi yoki

to'ldiruvchi ergash gap bilan ifodalangan vositasiz to'ldiruvchi ham kelishi mumkin: I told him my name, (alohida so'z) Men unga ismimni aytdim. The engineer told me what to do. (so'z birikmasi) Muhandis menga nima qilishni aytdi.

He told me I must go and see her at U menga hoziroq u qizni borib ko'rishim once, (to'ldiruvchi ergash gap) kerakligini aytdi.

Eslatma: To tell fe'li vositali to'ldiruvchisiz quyidagi iboralarda ishlatiladi. to tell a story (a tale) - hikoya qilmoq;

- rostini gapirmoq -yolg'on gapirmoq

U hikoyalar aytib berishni yoqtiradi. U yolg'on gapirdi. Siz endi haqiqatni aytisbingiz kerak 5. Agar vositali to'ldiruvchidan so'ng bo'lishli yoki bo'lishsiz shakldagi infmitiv kelsa, to tell fe'li aytmoq. biiyurmoq ma'nosida keladi.

My wife told me to get some coffee. Xotinim menga kofe olib kelishni aytdi. Please tell your- son not to go out. O'glingizga chiqmaslikni ayting.

Lesson 6 Theme: Imperative mood.

I va III- shaxsga qaratilgan buyruq yoki iltimosni ifodalanishi.

Ingliz tilida I va III shaxsga qaratilgan buyruq yoki iltimos let fe'li va umumiy kelishikdagi

ot yoki ob'ekt kelishigidagi olmosh bilan ifodalanadi. Asosiy fe'l to siz infinitivda keladi:

Let us (let's) go to the cinema. Kelingiar kinoga boramiz.

Let my son do it Keling, shu ishni mening og'lim baj arsin.

Let them answer this letter. Keling, bu xatga ular javob berishsin.

If yoki whether bog'lovchisi bilan kiritilgan to'ldiruvchi ergash gap.

(Umumiy so'sroq gap o'zlashtirma gaplarda). If yoki whether bog'lovchisi bilan

kiritilgan to'ldiruvchi ergash gaplar - o'zbek tiliga - ligini, - maslinmi deb tarjima qilinadi:

I didn't know if he would be at home. U uyda bo'lishligini bilmas edim. (I didn't know whether he would be at (U uyda bo'lish-bo'lmasligini bilmas home.) edim.)

He didn't remember if she had taken the U qiz darslikni o'zi bilan olgani yoki text-book with her or if she had left it uyda qoldirgani uning esida yo'q edi. at home.

Buyum nomlarini ifodalagan otlar bilan artiklni ishlatilishi.

1. 
   Buyum miqdori aniq bo'lmaganda ular bilan artikl ishlatilmaydi. Bu o'rinda ularning (predmetning) turi tilga olinadi xolos:
   

I like milk. Men sutni yoqtiraman (sut deb ataluvchi

mahsulotni)

Bunda ko'pincha bir ot ikkinchisiga qarshi qo'yiladi. I like coffee after dinner, but I don't like tea,

Men tushlikdan keyin kofeni yoqtiraman, lekin choy menga yoqmaydi.

2. 
   Agar buyum miqdori aniq bo'lsa, ular oldidan aniq artikl ishlatiladi, ayniqsa, gapiruvchi ma'lum joydagi mahsulotni barcha miqdorini nazarda tutsa:
   

Will you pass me the salt, please? Menga tuzni uzatib yuborolmaysizmi?

Taqqoslang:

Snow [snou] is white. The snow is dirty.

Qor oq. (Qor umuman buyum sifatida Qor iflos. (Chegaralangan miqdordagi shu rangga ega.) qorga sifat berilyapti)

Milk is good for babies. The milk is hot.

Chaqaloqlarga sut foydali Sut issiq. (ma'lum, chegaralangan

(Umuman sut, ya'ni shu mahsulot turi) miqdordagi sut)

Lesson 7 Theme: The control work. A little, a few Text:My friend

A little va a few birikmasi. A little birikmasi biroz ma'nosini bildirib, sanalmaydigan otlar oldidan aniqlovchi vazifasida ishlatiladi, shuningdek, fe'ldan so'ng holat va daraja ravishi bo'lib keladi: J have got a little free time today. Bugun mening biroz bo'sh vaqtim bor.

He can read a little and he's only four. U biroz o'qiy oladi, u esa endi to'rt yoshda. A few birikmasi bir necha ma'nosini berib, sanaladigan otlar oldidan aniqlovchi ma'nosida keladi: My friend has got a few pictures of this city. .Do'stimda bu shaharning bir nechta rasmx bor.

He leanrt a few English words, and now he can read telegrams from foreign firms. U bir nechta inglizcha so'zlarni o'raganib oldi va u endi chet el firmalaridan kelgan telegrammalarni o'qiy oladi

MY FRIEND
I have a pen-friend. His name is Bill. He is from America.
He is 16 years old. He lives in California. He knows English
very well and wants to learn Uzbek. He studies at the Vocational
college in California. He is one of the best students of his college.
He has 2 or 3 lessons a day. He learns mathematics, history of
America, geography, English and other subjects at college. He is
fond of sports. He goes in for handball. He enjoys having a rest on
the sea-side. He likes American and Uzbek food. He also likes old
Hollywood movies and English music. He has never been to Uzbekistan.
His dream is to come to our country.
pen-friend — xat yozishib turadigan do‘st

from America — Amerikadan

know — bilmoq

2 5

want — xohlamoq

learn — o‘rganmoq

study — ta’lim olmoq

the best student — eng a’lochi talaba

handball — qo‘l to‘pi

have a rest — dam olmoq

at the sea-side — dengiz bo‘yida

old Hollywood movies — eski Gollivud filmlari

dream — orzu

Exercise 2.Read the text and discuss it.

Lesson 8 Theme: The Passive voice

Majhul nisbat (The Passive Voice). Ingliz tilida fe'lning ikkita nisbati bor: Aniq nisbat va majhul nisbat. Aniq nisbatda gapni egasi ish harakatni bajaruvchisi (ijrochisi) boladi. Majhul nisbatdagi fe'l egani ifodalab kelayotgan shaxs yoki predmet ta'sir ostida ekanligini, ya'ni, ish harakat unga qaratilganini bildiradi.

1. Majhul nisbatning yasalishi Ingliz tilida majhul nisbat to be ko'makchi fe'li va asosiy fe'lning sifatdosh II shakli yordamida yasaladi. Uni quyidagicha berish mumkin.

tobe + Sifatdosh+II

Bunda asosiy fe'lning sifatdosh-II shakli o'zgarmaydi, to be ko'makchi fe'li ega bilan shaxs, son va zamonda (o'zgaradi) moslashadi.

To show fe 'lining Indefinite guruhi majhul nisbatdagi shakllari.

1 shahs birlik HZO am shown

3- shahs birlik HZO is shown

Ko'lik HZO are shown

Birlik O'ZO was shown

Ko'plik O'ZO were shown

1 -shahs KZO shall be shown

Qolgan shahslar KZO will be shown

Majhul nisbatning so'roq shakli birinchi ko'makchi fe'lning egadan oldinga qo'yish bilan yasaladi:

Bo'hshsiz shaklda not ko'makchi fe'ldan keyin keladi

2 Ob'ektli va ob'ektsiz fe'llar o'zidan keyin har qanday to'ldiruvchini qabul qiluvchi fe'l ob'ektli fe'l deyiladi. O'zidan keyin hech qanday to'ldiruvchi qabul qilmaydigan fe'llarni ob'ektsiz fe'llar deyiladi. Xuddi o'zbek tilidagi o'timli va o'timsiz fe'llar kabi:

1 saw him yesterday. Me uni kecha ко'rdim.

(vositasiz to'ldiruvchi)

I've sent a letter to my friends Mendostlarimgaxatjo'natdim.

(vositasiz to'ldiruvchi) ob'ektli fe'l

Have you talked to him about it? Siz u bilan bu haqida gaplashib oldingizmi?

(predlogli to'ldiruvchi)

Come tomorrow ob'ektsiz fe'l Ertaga keling.

I'll go to the library at once and get this book out. Men hoziroq kutubhonaga borib shu kitobni olaman

O'zbek tihdagi o'timli va o'timsiz fe'llar bilan solishtiring.

3. Majhul nisbatning ishlatilishi.

1) Gapiruvchi ish harakat bajaruvchisini tanimaganda yoki unga ahamiyat bermaganda gapda majhul nisbat ishlatiladi. Biroq ish harakat bajaruvchisini by

(tomomdan) - predlogi bilan ko'rsatish mumkin.
This play was written by B. Show. Bu p'esa B. Shou tomonidan yozilgan.

Inghz tilida majhul nisbat o'zbek tiliga qaraganda kengroq ishlatiladi.

Masalan: "He gave a book"- «U kitob berdi » aniq nisbatdagi gapni majhul nisbatda ikki xil berish mumkin

The book was given to me. Kitob menga benldi. (1)

I was given a book. Menga kitob berildi. (2)

(2) - chi misoldagi gapni o'zbek liliga so'zma - so'z tarjima qilsak «Men kitob birildim» bo'iadi. Vaholanki o'zbek tilida bunday shakl yo'q.

2. 
   Predlog bilan keladigan fe'llar ham majhul nisbat bilan keladi. Bunda predlog o'zining leksik ma'nosini saqlab qolib, gapda fe'ldan keyin keladi:
   

They were much talked about Ular haqida ko'p gapirildi.

The doctor was sent for at once. Shu ondayoq doktorga odam jo'natildi.

O'zbek tilida bu o'rinlarda shaxsi noma'lum gap ishlatiladi.

Eslatma: Ingliz tilida bir qator fe'llar guruhi borki, ular bilan faqat majhul nisbatning (l)-chi shakli ishlatilishi mumkin. Ular quyidagilar: to explain smth. to smb. tushuntirmoq, to translate smth. to smb. tarjima qilmoq, to dictate smth. to smb. uqtirmoq, to describe smth. to smb. tasvirlab bermoq va hokazo. This rule was explained to me twice. Bu gapni o'zbek tiliga ikki xil tarjima qilish mumkin. Bu qoida menga ikki marta tushuntirildi. Bu qoidani menga ikki marta tushuntirishdi. (majhul nisbat) (shaxsi noma'lum gap)

2. 
   Ingliz tilida HZO majhul nisbatdagi fe'l vaziyatga qarab ish harakat jarayonini yoki shu jarayon natijasida yuzaga kelgan holatni ifodalashi mumkin. Ingliz tilida ular gapda shaklan farqlanmaydi.
   

Taqqoslang:

Tables are usually made of wood. Odatda stollar taxtadan yasaladi. (jarayon)

This one is made of steel. Bunisi po'latdan yasalgan. (holat)

Agar ikkinchi gapda jarayonni ta'kidlamoqchi bo'lsak, u holda ingliz tilida Tugallangan Hozirgi Zamon majhul nisbat shakli ishlatiladi. This table has been made of steel. Bu stolnipo'latdan yasashdi. (jarayon)

2. 
   Majhul nisbatning Tugallangan (Perfect) guruh zamonlari. Majhul nisbatning Tugallangan guruh zamonlari to be fe'lining Tugallangan Hozirgi, O'tgan va Kelasi zamonlarda shakli va asosiy fe'lning sifatdosh II shakli yordamida yasaladi.
   

to have been + sifatdosh-II

Bunda to have o'zgaruvchan qism, been + sifatdosh-II o'zgarmas qism.

I have been asked two difficult questions today so I must do something about it. Menga bugun ikkita qiyin savol berishdi va men (ularga javob berish. uchun) nimadir qilishim kerak.

Majhul nisbatning Tugallangan guruh zamonlarining ishlatilishi xuddi aniq nisbatdahidek. Majhul nisbatning Tugallangan guruhining O'tgan va Kelasi zamonlari juda kam ishlatiladi. Tugallangan Hozirgi zamon shakli ko'pincha to ask, to send, to tell va boshqa fellar bilan ishlatiladi. I've been asked to play in next week's football match. Mendan kelasi haftada bo'ladigan futbol o'yinida qatnashishimni so'rashdi. He's been told

to work harder. Unga ko'proq shug'ullanishni aytishdi. He's been sent to help them. Uni ularga yordamga jo"natishdi.
5. Majhul nisbatning infinitiv shakli. Majhul nisbatning infinitiv shakli to be fe'lining infinitiv shakli va asosiy fe'lning sifatdosh II shaklidan yasaladi, masalan: to be shown ко 'rsatilmoq. Majhul nisbatning infinitiv shaklini har qanday ob'yektli fe'ldan yasasa bo'ladi: to give - to be given to send for - to be sent for to talk about - to be talked about

Majhul nisbatning infinitivi aniq nisbatning infinitivi ishlatilgan joylarda ishlatiladi. Masalan, to want, to like va modal fe'llardan so'ng maqsad holi va boshq. vazifasida. (Modal fe'llardan so'ng kelganda to siz infinitiv shakli ishlatiladi,) Nobody likes to be sent for at night.

Hech tunda uni olib ketgani odam kelishini xohlamaydi.

This must be done at once. Bu hoziroq bajarilisbi kerak.

He can't be given a holiday now. We have a lot of work to do. Unga hozir ta'til berib bolmaydi. Bizning ishlarimiz ko'p. He will have to be asked- about it tomorrow. Ertaga bu haqida undan so'rasbga to'g'ri keladi.