0‘quv materiallari (ma’ruza matni)

fly ash from a single source of value to the concrete
community at large, the main benefit being
commercial or personal.
This edition contains some additional topics: delayed ettringite formation, recycled concrete aggregate, self-compacting concrete, thaumasite sulfate attack, and of course augmentation and modification of various topics.
I have not included that topical subject, sustainability (which seems to be the flavour of the decade). As I see it, if sustainability of concrete as a material (distinct from a structure made of concrete) is to ensure durability, then of course, this is of great importance; for this reason chapters 10 and 11 are devoted to the durability of concrete.
However, durability does not mean a service
life as long as possible. What we should aim at
is a desired service life, and this is governed by
the function of the structure: a garden shed is at
the lower end of the scale, and a large bridge or
dam are at the upper end. Dwellings are a good