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Challenges: 
Insecurity remains the most challenging problem of mankind despite humanity's outstanding and 
unsurpassed advancement in the field of science and technology in regards to conflict prevention. 
The positive benefits of regional cooperation and Peace building seems slow and difficult ~o 
realize and promote prevention mechanism. African-Union (AU) is criticized for paying too little 
attention to conflict prevention which is understood to be far more proactive and less a costly 
approach-to promoting peace and security. The proliferation of small arms and light weapons 
outside formal control of the state is one of the serious challenges to conflict prevention, peace and 
security. 
The actors in' modern' warfare vary widely, the combatants, includes Terrorism, warlords, 
mercenaries and child soldiers. Consequently the Geneva conventions do not correspond to today's 
conflicts and should updated to account for currently and combatants. 
 
CONCLUSION:
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This study is to harness and enhance our understanding of the various methods of conflict 
prevention and management matrix. Most especially in the light of divers phenomena, ranging 

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from group dynamics for: de-escalation to structural transformation of 'an adversaries social 
system. On the concept of conflict, we deduce that conflict is inevitable in human nature, but the 
degree and the intensity is determined by the attitudes, mode of approaches adopted by the parties 
involved. Conflict prevention should be seen as part of a continuum that aims at creating the 
condition for peace consolidation. We advocate the promotion and incorporation of mechanisms, 
institutions of restorative justice within the constitutions of states and societies in transition so 
that they could be more accessible, widely utilize, acceptable and legitimate forms in the rule of 
law. If efforts and strategies are put in place to prevent conflict, what is mostly needed, is the 
political will to make things happen. In a proactive conflict impact 'assessment system, that works 
in the taxonomy of peace and conflict prevention worldwide. Kofi Anna (2004) rightly puts: The 
aim of conflict prevention must be to create synergy truth with those civil society groups that are 
bridge builders, truth finders, watchdogs, human right defenders and agents of social protection 
and economic revitalization. Conflict prevention is perhaps the most appropriate way of 
curbing/conflict.