" Linguistic features of the words related to fashion in English and Uzbek languages"

Summary on Chapter III

Numerous lexical spaces drop beneath the dominance of English. In common, the terms used within the field of mold were of intrigued to all speakers. To set up the corpus of the English mold related words into Romanian, the most Romanian word references have been dissected. The corpus was at that point improved by including English borrowings show in fashion related magazines, websites, web journal, articles. Truly, the contention between French and English starts with the 16th century when English was given more consideration and started to create a discussion among researchers. By this, he protected the language against those idealists who claimed that English «should not wrest the long-established put of Latin.» . Within the 17th century, prospects arranged to English spreading were not exceptionally well formed as compared to those spreading of French and Spanish. There was a consistent distraction for the emergence of English as well as its control over other dialects. Whereas French has 121 fallen, English got to be the center of consideration among other countries. On the back of these verifiable occasions and the extension of the British Domain comes upon the channel of globalization, «spurred on by the financial quality of the USA after the Moment World War». The degree of globalization of a dialect is specifically affected by the speakers who utilize it. Whereas the common inclination is to connect the distinction of a language to the ‘how many’ talk the dialect, in reality it has more to do with ‘who’ talks the dialect. The test of time illustrates that authority of a language isn't guaranteed by the number of its speakers. For occasion, within the 15th and 16th centuries, Portuguese was spread all over the world due to their dominant country as well as to commerce purposes. Additionally, Gem gives the example of Romans to appear that «when they succeed, on the international stage, their dialect succeeds. Dialect contact takes put at whatever point »speakers competent in more than one dialect are present«.

The impacts of language contact are different, and a few of them, as borrowings for occasion, appear to come up with few hypothetical issues. On one hand, it is genuine to claim that a significant portion of borrowings come to fill lexical holes as a result of the truth that »speech communities have trouble in catching up with social and technical progress of the societies«. In any case, beneath the clearly chaotic choice there's a strong motivation that's associated to the statistic quality, control and distinction of a language. Therefore, this paper regards a couple of anglicisms within the contemporary Romanian media as an impact of the English glory.

At whatever point these changes are not decided by contact with other dialects, they are called inner changes, and when they are a result of the dialect contact with other dialects, they are recognized as external ones. Anglicism could be a term that can work as an umbrella to »cover any instance of transmission from English to, or a generic term utilized to depict the event of English terms in other languages. « Whereas in English it indicates a bit of cloth limited to the masculine sexual orientation, in Romanian its meaning is broadened alluding to underwear in common. » The paper examined the anglicisms as a vehicle of assuring a language's elements, at the side other inside and external processes. Borrowings practically improve the semantic stock in the receiving dialect and their overstated utilize ought to not caution the linguists since a dialect will overcome the phonetic distinction of the FL and spare as it were the essential etymological things. Exceptionally few would debate the genuine reality that we have a inclination to board a World, wherever local economy, politics and culture do not longer have a place to and impact their quick environment alone, in any case an larger than average extent of the leftover portion of the world. We will examine in spite of the fact that this and the way has adjusted in design with globalization, specializing within the influence economic and social globalization have had inside the transmission of patterns additionally the structure and conduct of the commerce. Firstly, design is one in all the few social stock that we include with America every day and have a job in our presence, that the approach patterns square measure created and transmitted is influenced each by changes inside the dissemination of culture– because it happened with social globalization and by changes in society. Besides, cloth exchange has, as each different, been tormented by financial globalization. In any case, not just like the other commerce, design produce transient social stock, at that point the gathering of articles of clothing has conjointly been tormented by the unused demonstrate of transmission of patterns with social globalization. The improvement of human society was truly within the course of the advance of its socio-cultural sphere. Basically, people persistently wished to create a few common traditions and propensities which will be common for a selected community. This slant could be decided in a few circles of life and it's still imperative nowadays. Probably, the foremost obvious the deliberate of people to possess one thing in common is additionally found in mold that's an especially imperative a part of human life. In reality, mold wasn't basically a shot of people to encourage comparative inclinations in articles of clothing, music, etc. be that as it may it absolutely was conjointly an extremely imperative social issue that joined together people. Be that as it may, it's need to have say that fashion is one in each of the first chop-chop energetic feature of social and person life as a result of among the final fifty a long time exclusively design has advanced significantly and, what's most likely a parcel of imperative, the later patterns clarify to the increasing speed of altering of fashion. In such a state of issues it's very interesting to follow the advancement of mold interior the last fifty a long time that obviously reflects the advancement of human society interior this period of your time. Be that as it may, some time recently talking about the verifiable improvement of mold interior final fifty a long time, it's fundamental to in short stay upon the idea of design so as to higher see its quintessence and, hence, see the part mold plays within the lifetime of the total society and each person particularly. In reality, mold can't be completely related to advance, like logical advance, as a case. At a comparable time, it need to be seen that as a rule mold is limited inside the in {fashion fashionable common wide spread standard} recognition by wear fashion, or dress. Be that as it may, it's a plain botch that mold could also be alluded only to the planet of articles of clothing additionally the craftsmanship of dressing. Instep, it's a guest term which will discuss with elective circles of life. As a case, mold conjointly be is additionally connected to music, photography, and even mode at mammoth. In reality, what design through and through circles have in common is that the undeniable reality that fashion is verifiably related to excitement and class that completely compare to the first later trends.

Obviously, it's doable to see at design as a sort of craftsmanship that constitutes a critical a portion of the social lifetime of society. It demonstrates on the distant side a question that mold reflects the strategy of adjustment in society. We live in a society that constantly develops. Though the neologisms dominate in the field of knowledge, other people, not only scientists, can also feel the necessity to express and interpret reality by new ways and create new words that would reflect it. One of the different spheres of human activities which plays a big role in creating neologisms is fashion industry. Every day designers, creators of new fashion styles renew old words or give new names to the objects, clothes and everything which is connected to the fashion world. Then editors of famous magazines and models do not have a choice other than using that strange unknown words until people start understand and also use them in their speech. That is a process of new words of fashion world entering a language. Linguists often classify neologisms by its degree of use in a language. It has become part of the language and is likely to be defined in dictionaries. At first, the neologisms were a kind of a secret language among the fashion industry, etymologists say. At Hermès’ women's fashion collection in March, for instance, «poots» was coined to identify a pair of leather pants that segue into boots. All neologisms of fashion world fall into various categories. Therefore, we can classify neologisms in the fashion sphere into several semantic groups such as neologisms of clothing, footwear and bags. It is crystal clear that the neologisms pertaining to the clothing consist of new words which name particular types of clothes. Neologisms belonging to the group of bags are less than in previous two, nevertheless it cannot be left unnoticed. We can list other neologisms which cannot be included into three main groups, but are directly connected with the world of fashion. Design exists in all perspectives of human life, counting dialect. In this setting, we allude to the marvel of dialect design, which got to be an question of etymological ponder in Russia at the turn of the 20th/21st centuries. This article is concerned with the marvel of buzzwords in advanced Russian and Chinese daily paper writings, from the viewpoint of comparative examination. Within the article, we clarify the implications of dialect design and buzzwords, examine the basic highlights of this etymological marvel, display a classification of buzzwords, characterise the most ways of broadening this gather of lexical units, and dissect the semantic and utilitarian highlights of these units.

The comes about of the investigate appear that there are common highlights between the buzzwords of the two dialects. Firstly, from the point of see of beginning, the frame or meaning of the buzzwords is associated with novelty and a break with tradition. Secondly, in a semantic sense, there are lexical coincidences in the buzzwords of the two languages. Thirdly, in a functional sense, a buzzword in one or another language can act as a productive model for creating new words, and a stimulus for the realization of new ideas. The conclusion dis-cusses the prospects of studying buzzwords and language fashion in general. Distinctive dialects show up to classify color differently. American language specialists and anthropologists believed within the presence of etymological relativity. They accepted that each dialect codes their person encounters into sounds in their claim person way.

This implies that each language is semantically self-assertive This would mean that color words in each dialect have no relation to another and thus there cannot be Semantic Universals. Diverse elucidation of visual pictures perception by dialect awareness in different cultures is decided by the idiosyncrasies of national considering, creativity of nature, culture, and as a result – the one of a kind determination of the most ordinary models of a concept. In every language qualification between distinctive semantic spheres and color space in specific, is implemented in an unexpected way. The contrast in the ways of dialect conceptualization is indicated by the obvious illustration. Such contrasts of utilizing color terms are explained, first of all, by the circle of social occupation and capabilities of the discernment apparatus of men and ladies. Of course, social conditions and perception peculiarities of both genders decide the fact that ladies utilize more particular names of colors in their discourse, and men constrain their discourse using only essential colors. All of the over permit us to speak only approximately the unmistakable highlights of the women’s magazines dialect and pay consideration not only to the limitless subtleties of color, but also to those angles of the reality around us, which as it were lady is able to watch and characterize. This is often curiously in terms of semantics because it suggests that an increment in fundamental color terms can be clarified as portion of a common increase in lexicon of a dialect as a response to a culture with a richer information environment.

Therefore, dialects alter in arrange to help speakers communicate more effectively. Thus, consideration to subtle elements within the description of different wonders and objects by means of non-standard color terms is the trademark of French women’s magazines. The utilize of these terms brings to cutting edge French dialect beauty and beauty, without which etymological reality is impossible. Terminological vocabulary or terminology- English terminology uses data in comparison, firstly, with its equivalents, secondly, with terminological systems of other areas of knowledge and, thirdly, with the vocabulary of a commonly used layer of natural language. Touching upon the connection between language and fashion, it is necessary to emphasize that both concepts are sign systems, along with other similar sign systems, without which it is impossible to imagine the life of human society - ornament, music, dance. architecture, Suit is also a sign that carries a semantic meaning. The emergence of a new concept «bikini» led to the emergence of a term that had not previously been in any language in the world. There is a linguistic fashion - the pursuit of fashionable, prestigious words. A person receives a higher social status by using fashionable words and expressions in speech. Using fashionable vocabulary, we demonstrate not the level of education in general, but the level of awareness of the latest trends, the level of awareness. The openness of borders, the globalization of the economy and the convergence of cultures contribute to quick and easy borrowing from one language to another. In post-Soviet times, borders opened in our country, language contacts began to be observed, and various sources of information appeared. At the present stage of language development, borrowed foreign language vocabulary is very quickly assimilated, that is, it «settles» in the language, adapts and can even form whole word-formation series. Some terms go a long way from the moment a concept appears to being fixed in the dictionary.

This happened in the XX century with a bathing suit of a new type of bikini. The processes of globalization began to manifest themselves in modern society in the 1950s, when the idea of the European Union appeared. It should be noted that globalization only initially presupposed economic integration. The exchange of terms, borrowing from one language to another or from one language to many languages at once, takes place with the same high speed. Since the second half of the 20th century, the source of borrowing, the so-called «storehouse of borrowing», has been the English language, namely its Anglo-American version. Many languages of the world not only accept borrowings in large quantities, but also actively assimilate them, that is, they adapt them to the peculiarities of their grammatical structure, pronunciation, compatibility with other lexical units. Fashion is a fairly young and developing industry. One of the requirements for translation is adequacy, that is, the translator must transmit the original by equivalent means. Therefore, the first task of the translator is to analyze the term to be translated. Analysis of a term consists in searching for its meaning in a dictionary. But, given that this study deals with relatively new fashion terms, often associated with a conceptual idea or image, the translator needs to carry out a number of operations to analyze the term, analyze the context and special concepts. During lexical comparison, it can happen that when lexical units are superimposed on each other, they can coincide only in several meanings, and not in the full scope of meanings, since languages have a specific polysemy. When the semantic fields of the two lexical units diverge, respectively, there are inconsistencies in the semantic compatibility of each of the words, as well as discrepancies in synonymous and antonymic connections. The comparative method is valuable for translation, as it allows you to establish a system of semantic correspondences in 2 languages. Also, in addition to the fact that the comparative analysis reveals the common features of the compared objects, such analysis also contributes to the illumination the most characteristic specific characteristics of each of them, which often go unnoticed during intralingual research. In this chapter, a study was conducted on the concept of fashion, its functions as an industry, a study on the concept of a term, its types and methods of translation was carried out, and the methodology of work and analysis with the source text before the immediate start of translation was also considered. A sociolinguistic study identified five periods in the development of fashion and its terminology. The fifth period in the development of English terminology of clothing and fashion design can be divided into two stages, up to the 50s of the XX century and from the second half of the XX to the beginning of the XXI century. The first half of the century is characterized by a high level of industrial production, the development of sciences, an increase in interest in sports, a large number of discoveries and inventions. The study showed that equivalents in Uzbek exist for a small number of shoe names. The term system of the sphere of perfumery and cosmetics is heterogeneous, consisting of dissimilar elements. In a literal translation, the linguistic form of the original is respected, that is, the semantic and structural characteristics of the original language are transported into the target language. Literal translation often violates the spirit and grammar of the native language, but conveys the meaning of the text.

The main disadvantage of such a translation is considered to be the transfer of the content of the text by words of the native language, but in a syntactic structure of the target language that is not native to the given language. « Of course, transliteration, transcription and tracing when transferring foreign terms are relatively simple and easy ways of translation. It should be emphasized that the task of the translator is to convey the concept that exists in one language as accurately and adequately as possible by means of another language - the task is more complex and responsible, providing the most correct and complete translation.