Methods of foreign language teaching as a scientific theory: approaches, methods and techniques



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650 
METHODS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AS A SCIENTIFIC 
THEORY: APPROACHES, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES 
Makhmudov Kudratbek Shavkat ogli 
Head of the Interfaculty Department of Foreign Languages 
Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute 
Najmiddinova Nigora Nuriddin kizi 
Student of Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute 
 
ABSTRACT
This article describes in detail the approaches, methods and techniques
including methods of teaching a foreign language as a scientific theory. 
Keywords: 
Methods, 
techniques, 
theory, 
educational 
process, 
methodology, theoretical methods, practical methods, the practical aim, cultural 
aims, accessibility, humanistic approach, cognitive principles. 
In modern society, the study of foreign languages is becoming an integral 
part of the professional training of specialists of various profiles, and the quality 
of their language teaching depends in many respects on the successful solution 
of issues of professional growth and expansion of contacts with foreign partners. 
Therefore, the school is designed to master a foreign language to a certain 
extent, which allows you to continue your studies at university and graduate 
school, as well as independently. The success of the training largely depends on 
the work style of the foreign language teacher, his ability to use a variety of 
modern methods in solving specific educational problems. 
The method of teaching foreign languages is a system of knowledge about 
the laws of the process of teaching a non-native language and ways to influence 
it to optimize this process. A method of teaching a foreign language discovers 
and substantiates methods of learning a foreign language. 


651 
The purpose of the training is what we strive for in the process of learning 
a foreign language; this is an ideally planned outcome
183
. First, the learning 
objective is set, and only then is the technique developed. The purpose of 
training is closely related to the conditions of the training, because without them 
it is impossible to achieve. Educational conditions are the conditions under 
which learning takes place. 
Teaching aids are tools of the educational process, with the help of which 
the set goals are achieved more successfully and in a shorter time. All the above 
categories serve the educational system - a universal model of the educational 
process that corresponds to a particular methodological concept. An education 
system is a complete set of components that conforms to a particular 
methodological concept; it defines the purpose, content, principles, methods, 
tools, forms of the organization of the training and in turn is determined by 
them
184

The most common word in pedagogical communication is, of course, the 
term "methodology." If we pay attention, we will see that the word has three 
meanings. 
The first
refers to the subject (for example, "tomorrow's first lesson is 
a methodology"), 
the second
is a set of methodological methods of teaching (for 
example, "I like our teacher's methodology"), and 
the third meaning
is that 
Theory of science and special science (for example, "the methodology is well 
used in this textbook"). We are talking about the last meaning of the method. 
The term foreign language teaching methodology, prof. Mikhail 
Vasilyevich Lyakhovitsky describes "the study of the goals, content, means of 
education, as well as methods of teaching using a foreign language"
185

We all know why?, what is the purpose?, how? and who to teach. 
In language teaching methods, there are cases when the rules are confused 
with the algorithm. An algorithm is a clear instruction to perform simple 
183
Bim I. L. Methods of teaching foreign languages as a science and school textbook problems. -M.: Russian 
language, 1977. 
184
Passov E. I., Kuznetsova E. S., Formation of lexical skills, Voronezh: Intrelingva, 2002–40 p. 
185
Jamolov J. Methods of teaching foreign languages, T., 2012. P 16. 


652 
operations in a specific sequence. Any algorithm is a rule, but any rule is not an 
algorithm. We think it is appropriate to call a rule a set of instructions or 
generalizations that are usually used in the process of developing a spoken 
grammatical skill. 
It should be noted that scientific research methods are divided into two - 
theoretical methods
and 
practical methods
. Theoretical methods of research 
include analysis / synthesis, construction of scientific concepts, modeling, etc. 
Practical methods include experimentation, experimentation, and targeted 
observation. These are general or basic methods. 
It is worth mentioning a number of studies aimed at developing methods 
of teaching foreign languages in schools of our country. Talented Methodist-
scientist Soynazarov Hashimjon in his scientific works and researches gave an 
experimental and theoretical basis for the transfer of English lexical units in the 
receptive plan, that is, the norm of language experience
186
. Prof. Sattorov T also 
developed and implemented an experimental method of active learning of 
foreign language grammar
187

Continuing our thoughts, it should be noted that MFLT (Methods of 
Foreign Language Teaching) is a scientifically tested theory concerning the 
teaching of foreign languages in schools and other educational institutions. It 
covers three main problems: 

aims of teaching a FL;

content of teaching (i.e. what to teach to attain the aims);

methods and techniques of teaching (how to teach a FL to attain the 
aims in the most effective way). 

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