Ilova 1 O‘zbekiston respublikasi axborot texnologiyalari va kommunikatsiyalarini rivojlantirish vazirligi
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2-топшириқ. Метрология, стандартлаштириш ва сертификатлаш фанидан. AMALIYOT-OEL-007
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Ilova 1 O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI VA KOMMUNIKATSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH VAZIRLIGI MUHAMMAD AL-XORAZMIY NOMIDAGI TOSHKENT AXBOROT TEXNOLOGIYALARI UNIVERSITETI “Energiya ta’minlash tizimlari” kafedrasi “Metrologiya, standartlashtirish va sertifikatlashtirish” fanidan AMALIYOT TOPSHIRIQ № 2 Bajardi: ____________________________ ta’lim yo‘nalishi __OEL-007____ guruh _______________________________________ talabaning F.I.SH. Qabul qildi: ________________________________________ Toshkent 2019 “Metrologiya, standartlashtirish va sertifikatlashtirish” fandan № 2 T O P SH I R I Q (AMALIYOT) 1 - jadval
2 - jadval
I. Nazariy savollar: “Standart”, “Standartlashtirish” so‘zlari nimani anglatadi? “Standartlashtirish to‘g‘risida” gi Qonun nechta bo‘limni va moddani o‘z ichiga oladi? Izohlang? “Standartlashtirish to‘g‘risida” gi Qonun qachon qabul qilingan? Agarda asbobning siferblatida aniqlik sinfi 1,0 deb yozilgan bo‘lsa, bu eng katta yo‘l qo‘yilishi mumkin bo‘lgan keltirilgan xatolikni bildiradimi? Agarda o‘lchanayotgan kattalik o‘zgarishiga asbobning xatoligi bog‘liq bo‘lmasa additiv xatolik deyiladimi? Aniqlik klassi deb nimaga aytiladi? Anolog o‘lchash asboblariga kanday asboblar kiradi? Antropometrik o‘lchash birliklari deganda nimani tushunasiz? Asbobni ishlatish sharoitida ta’sir etuvchi kattaliklardan birining qiymatini belgilanganidan og‘ishi natijasidagi xatoligi asosiy xatolik hisoblanadimi? Asbobning ko‘rsatuvi bilan o‘lchanayotgan kattalik chinakam qiymati orasidagi ayirma nisbiy xatolik deyiladimi? B tip bo‘yicha noaniqlikni baholashda qanday taqsimot qonunlari qo‘llaniladi? Bir marotaba va ko‘p marotaba o‘lchash natijalarini qayta ishlash. Birgalikda o‘lchashlar va ularning matematik modeli. Birlik o‘lchamlarini uzatishda quyidagi usullar qo‘llaniladi: Birlik o‘lchamlarni qanday uzatish usullari mavjud? Birliklar belgilarini yozish qoidalarini ayting. Birliklar va o‘lchamlarni belgilash hamda yozish qoidalari. Birliklar va o‘lchashlarni belgilash va yozishda nimalarga e’tibor berish kerak? Birliklarning ulushli va karrali qiymatlarini ifodalashda qo‘llaniladigan maxsus belgilarni ayting. Birlikni qayta xosil qilish aniqligi bo‘yicha etalonlarni tabaqalanishi. Boshlang‘ich etalon, milliy (davlat) etalon, davlatlararo va xalqaro etalonlar to‘g‘risida ma’lumot bering? Davlat etaloniga qaysi etalonlar kiradi? Dinamik xarakteristika deganda nimani tushunasiz? Ehtimollik taqsimlanishining sonli xarakteristikalari. Elektromagnit va elektrodinamik o‘lchash asboblarinin afzalliklari va kamchiliklarini nimada? Etalon qanday xususiyatlarga ega bo‘ladi? Etalonlar metrologik tobeligi va vazifasi bo‘yicha qanday turlarga bo‘linadi? Etalonlarning chambarchas bog‘langan alomatlari. Etalonni saqlash, uni solishtirilishi deganda nimani tushunasiz? Etalonning o‘zgarmasligi, qaytariluvchanligi, solishtiriluvchanligi deganda nimani tushunasiz? Fizikaviy kattaliklarni birliklarini o‘lchamlarini ishchi o‘lchov vositalariga uzatish sxemasi. Fizikaviy kattalikni o‘lchash jarayoni. Ishchi o‘lchash vositalari deb ataladi. Kattalik nima? Qanday guruhlari mavjud? Kattalik shkalasi, reperli (tayanch) nuqtalar ularning turlari (nomlangan shkala, tartib shkalasi, oraliqlar shkalasi, nisbat shkalasi, absolyut shkala) ni tushuntiring? Kattalik shkalasi, reperli (tayanch) nuqtalar/ Kattaliklar qanday guruhlarga bo‘linadi, ularni ta’riflang? Kattaliklar, ularning turlari. Kattalikning o‘lchamliligi, o‘lchami va birligi. Kattalikning sifat va miqdor xarakteristikalari nima asosida izohlanadi? Kattalikning sifat va miqdoriy xarakteristikalari. Kattalikning sifat xarakteristikasi nimani bildiradi, miqdor xarakteristikasi deganda nimani tushunasiz? Kengaytirilgan noaniqlik deb nimaga aytiladi? Ko‘p marotaba o‘lchash natijalarini qayta ishlash qanday ketma-ketlikda amalga oshiriladi? Ko‘p marotaba o‘lchash natijalarini qayta ishlash qanday ketma-ketlikda amalga oshiriladi? Konstruktiv ishlanishi va tarkibiga qarab etalonlar qanday turlarga bo‘linadi? Magnitoelektrik va elektromagnit o‘lchash asboblarining farqi qanday? Majmuiy o‘lchashlar va ularning matematik modeli. Matematik kutilish nima, dispersiya nima? Metrik tizimning vujudga kelishi va qabul qilinishi. Metrologik amaliyotda birlik o‘lchamlarini uzatishda qanday usullar qo’llaniladi? Metrologik ekspertizaga jalb etiladigan xujjatlar. Metrologik vazifasi bo‘yicha ikkilamchi etalonlar. Mina qanday o’lchov birligi? Muntazam xatoliklarning turlari nechta? Muntazam xatolikni bartaraf etishning o‘rindoshlik usuli. Muntazam xatolikni o‘lchashni boshlashdan oldin bartaraf etish. Muntazam xatolikni tuzatma kiritish bilan bartaraf etish. Noaniqlikning asosiy manbalari to‘g‘risida tushuntiring. Normal (Gauss qonuni) taqsimot funksiyasi grafik tarzda qanday ifodalanadi? O‘lchanadigan kattaliklarni o‘lchash usuliga qarab, elektr o‘lchash asboblari qanday turlarga bo’linadi? O‘lchash asboblari ma’lumotlarni ko‘rsatishlariga qarab, elektr o‘lchash asboblari qanday turlarga bo’linadi? O‘lchash deganda nima tushuniladi? O‘lchash diapazoni deb nimaga aytiladi? O‘lchash jarayonlarining modeli va ularni modellashtirish. O‘lchash mexanizmi nima? O‘lchash natijalarini ishonchli ehtimolligi qanday aniqlanadi? O‘lchash natijalarini ishonchli ehtimolligini aniqlash. O‘lchash natijalarini yaxlitlash. Yaxlitlash qoidasi. O‘lchash natijalarining jamlangan xatoligi. O‘lchash noaniqligi deganda nimani tushunasiz? O‘lchash noaniqligini baholash necha bosqichdan iborat? O‘lchash o‘zgartkichlarining qanday turlarini bilasiz? O‘lchash o‘zgartkichlarining vazifasi nimadan iborat? O‘lchash ob’ekti – bu jumlani davom ettiring. O‘lchash qonun qoidalari yo‘llarini va o‘lchov vositalarini qo‘llanishini majmui bo‘yicha o‘lchash usullari qandaylarga bo‘linadi? O‘lchash sifati tavsiflarini keltiring. O‘lchash usullari turlari nechta? O‘lchash va o‘lchash usullari. O‘lchash vositalari qanday boshlang‘ich ma’lumotlar mavjudligiga asoslangan holda tanlanadi? O‘lchash vositalari qanday guruhlarga bo‘linadi? O‘lchash vositalarini namunaviy o‘lchash vositalari (NO‘V) sifatida tasdiqlash, qaysi davlat organi tomonidan amalga oshiriladi. O‘lchash vositalarini qiyoslash O‘lchash vositalarini tanlashda ularning qanday majmuini hisobga olish zarur? O‘lchash vositalarining aniqlik klasslari qanday talablarga asosan o‘rnatiladi? O‘lchash xatoliklari kelib chiqishi sabablariga qarab necha turga bo‘linadi? O‘lchash xatoliklari xosil bo‘lishiga qarab necha turga bo‘linadi? O‘lchash xatoliklarining ishonchli intervali va ishonchli chegaralarini aniqlash va baholash. O‘lchash, o‘lchash jarayoni,o ‘lchash usuli deganda nimanu tushunasiz? O‘lchashda muntazam va tasodifiy xatoliklar nimani anglatadi? O‘lchashlar birligini ta’minlash davlat tizimi. O‘lchashlar nazariyasining rivojlanishiga ulkan hissa qo’shgan qadimgi olimlarimizdan kimlarni bilasiz? O‘lchashlar, o‘lchash jarayoni va o‘lchash obyekti. O‘lchashlarni turlari va xatoliklari. O‘lchashlarning turlari va usullari/ O‘lchashlarning turlari va xatoliklari. O‘lchashning struktura sxemasini chizib tushuntiring? O‘lchov asbobining variatsiyasi. Ta’riflang? O‘lchov bilan taqqoslash usuli deb nimaga aytiladi? O‘lchov birliklari o‘lchamini uzatish usullari. O‘lchov deb qanday o‘lchash vositasiga aytiladi va uning qanday O‘lchov kattaligining vaqt bo‘yicha o‘zgarishiga qarab o‘lchov vositalarining xatoliklari statik va dinamik xatoliklarga bo‘linadi. Ta’riflang? O‘lchov vositalari metrologik vazifalari bo‘yicha qandaylarga tabaqalanadi? O‘lchov vositalari mo‘ljallanishiga va bajaradigan funksiyasiga qarab qandaylarga bo‘linadi? O‘lchov vositalari va xususiyatlari. O‘lchov vositalari xatoliklarini hosil bo‘lish joyiga qarab usuliy va asbobiy xatoliklarga bo‘linadi. Ta’riflang? O‘lchov vositalarini tekshiruvi. O‘lchov vositalarini xatoliklari va me’yorlanishi. O‘lchov vositalarining xatoliklari ifodalanishi bo‘yicha mutlaq (absolyut), nisbiy va keltirilgan xatoliklarga bo‘linadi. Ta’riflang? O‘lchov vositalarining xatoliklari ifodalanishiga qarab qandaylarga bo‘linadi? O‘lchov vositasini qiyoslash. O‘lchov vositasini xatoligi kirish signalini o‘zgarishiga bog‘liqligi bo‘yicha additiv va multiplikativlarga bo‘linadi. Ta’riflang? O‘lchov vositasining aniqlik sinfi deb? O‘lchov vositasining asosiy metrologik tavsiflari. O‘lchovlar va tarozilar xalqaro byurosi qachon ta’sis etildi? O‘rtacha kvadratik o‘zgarish (og‘ish) nima va u qanday baholanadi? O‘zbekiston respublikasi Halqaro standartlashtirish tashkiloti (ISO)ning to‘la huquqli a’zosi sifatida qachon qabul qilingan? O‘zbekistonda standartlashtirish ishlari bilan kim shug‘ullanadi? O‘zbekistonda standartlashtirish ishlarini tashkil etilishi. O‘zgarmas kattalikni o‘lchaganda o‘lchov vositasi statik xatoligi mavjud bo‘ladimi? O’lchash xatoligi necha turdan iborat? Qanday o‘lchash turlarini bilasiz? Qanday o‘lchash vositasi etalon deb yuritiladi? Qo‘pol xatoliklarning namoyon bo‘lishini aniqlash. Raqamli o‘lchash asboblari qanday afzallik va kamchiliklarga ega? Raqamli o‘lchash asboblarining afzalliklari va kamchiliklari nimalardan iborat? Shkalaning bo‘linmasi deb nimaga aytiladi? SI ning maxsus nom va belgilanishga ega bo‘lgan hosilaviy birliklari. SI ning o‘nli karrali va ulushli birliklarning nomlari va belgilanishini hosil qilish uchun foydalaniladigan ko‘paytuvchi va old qo‘shimchalar/ Simmetrik kuzatishlar usuli. Solishtirish (taqqoslash) usulini tushuntiring. Standart namuna, namunaviy modda nima? Standart noaniqlik – nima? Standart noaniqlikni A tipi bo‘yicha baholashni tushuntiring. Standart noaniqlikni B tipi bo‘yicha qanday baholanadi? Standartlashtirish jarayoni bosqichlari. Standartlashtirish jarayoni qanday bosqichlardan iborat? Standartlashtirish maqsad va vazifalari. Standartlashtirish sohasidagi Xalqaro tashkilotlar (asosiylari). Standartlashtirish soxasida qanday xalqaro tashkilotlarni bilasiz? Standartlashtirishdan maqsad nima? Statik xarakteristika deganda nimani tushunasiz? Statik, dinamik o‘lchash usullari deb nimaga aytiladi? Statik, dinamik o‘lchash usullari. Styudent koeffitsiyenti nima, ehtimoliy xatolik deb nimaga aytiladi? Taqsimlanishning sonli xarakteristikalari deganda nimani tushunasiz? Taqsimlanishning sonli xarakteristikalari deganda nimani tushunasiz? Tasodifiy elementar funksiyalar va ularning taqsimoti. Tasodifiy kattaliklarning ehtimolligini qanday taqsimlanish funksiyalarini bilasiz? Tasodifiy kattaliklarning ehtimolligini qanday taqsimlanish funksiyalarini bilasiz? Tasodifiy kattaliklarning taqsimot qonunlari. Tasodifiy kattaliklarning taqsimot qonunlarining xarakteristikalari. Tasodifiy kattalikni ehtimolligini taqsimlanish qo nuni deganda nimani tushunasiz? Tasodifiy kattalikni ehtimolligini taqsimlanish qonuni deganda nimani tushunasiz? Tasodifiy kattalikning tarqoqlanishi nima va nimaga bog‘liq? Tasodifiy xatolik deganda qanday xatolikni tushunasiz? Tasodifiy xatoliklar, ularning extimoliy funksiyalari. O‘lchanadigan kattalikning chinakam qiymatini va o‘rtacha kvadratik og‘ishini aniqlash va nuqtali baholash. turlarini bilasiz? Uslubiy va qurilmaviy xatoliklar deb nimaga aytiladi? Xalqaro birliklar nizimi (SI) ning asosiy birrliklari nechta? Xalqaro birliklar tizimi birliklarini o‘nli karrali va ulushli birliklarining nomlari va belgilarini hosil qilish qoidalari. Xalqaro birliklar tizimining afzalliklarini ayting. Xalqaro birliklar tizimining rivojlanishi. Xatoliklar kelib chiqish sharoitlariga qarab asosiy va qo‘shimcha xatoliklarga bo‘linadi. Ta’riflang? Xatolikni keltirib chiqaruvchi sabablar nimalardan iborat? Xatolikni kompensatsiyalash va qarama-qarshi qo‘yish usullari. Xatolikning meyorlangan qiymati deganda nimani tushunasiz? Yaxlitlash qoidasi deganda nimani tushunasix? Yig‘indi standart noaniqlik nima? Yorug‘lik kuchi birligi Kandelaning yangi ta’rifi qachon qabul qilingan? 1-savolga javob: Savol nomeri ____/ Savol:________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2-savolga javob: Savol nomeri ____/ Savol:________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3-savolga javob: Savol nomeri ____/ Savol:________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 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Amaliy topshiriq 3 – jadvaldan o’z variantingiz nomerlari bo’yicha amaliy topshiriqlarni bajaring. 3 – jadval
Javoblar: Vatiant №_____ 1-masala. Berilganlar: __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Javoblar: Vatiant №_____ 2-masala. Berilganlar: __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ III. Hisobot tayyorlash. Hisobot tayyorlashda qo‘yidagilarga amal qidinadi: 1. Titul varog‘i (ilova 1 ga qarang). 2. Topshiriq shaklini o‘zgartirilmagan holatda to‘ldirish. 3. Nazariy savollarga javob berish. 4. Amaliy topshiriqni bajarish. 5. Bajarilgan ishlar bo‘yicha xulosa chiqarish. (ilova 2 ga qarang). 6. Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar va internet xavolalari ruyhati. 7. Baholash mezoni: №2 topshiriq bali 10 bal.
Fan bo‘yicha umumiy ballar: jami-100 bal Ma’ruza: 70 ball – har bir mavzu bo’yicha 10 tadan test savollari (0.2 baldan, jami 2 ball) 15 ta mavzu 30 ball, 40 ball oraliq nazorat ishiga (nazorat assisment shaklida o‘tkaziladi). Amaliyot: 30 ball – 10 baldan 3 ta topshiriq. 10 ball topshiriq: “5” – 9-10; “4” – 7-8,9; “3” – 6-6,9. 2 ilova Bajarilgan ishlar bo‘yicha xulosa chiqarish. (xulosa qo‘lda yoziladi) ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar va internet xavolalari ruyhati ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Download 43,03 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
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Raqamli texnologiyalar
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iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
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steierm rkischen
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