Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi

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 O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA O’RTA 

MAXSUS TA’LIM VAZIRLIGI 

ZAHIRIDDIN MUHAMMAD BOBUR NOMIDAGI 

ANDIJON DAVLAT UNIVERSITETI 

Umumiy kimyo kafedrasi 

 

Qo’lyozma huquqida 

 

Abbosov Sardorbek Sultonbek o’g’li  

KATALITIK REAKSIYALAR VA ULARNING AMALIY 

AHAMIYATI 

5140500-kimyo 

Kimyo ta’lim yo’nalishi bo’yicha bakalavr akademik darajasini olish                                                                                                                                      

uchun yozilgan 

BITIRUV MALAKAVIY ISH 

 

 

Ish rahbari: k.f.d., prof 

I.A.Abdugafurov 

 

 

 

 

 

                                     

                                         Andijon-2015 yil 

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                                           Mundarija 

   So’z boshi …………………………………………………………......................3 

   Kirish……………………………………………………………...………….…..6 

   Asosiy qism: 

   I. Kinetik jarayonlar haqida umumiy tushuncha……………………………..…..8 

        I.1. Katalizning klassifikatsiyasi (tasnifi)........................................................17 

        I.2.Katalizning umumiy xususiyatlari...................................................... ....  17 

        I.3.Katalizatorlarning rеaksiya muvozanatiga ta'sir………..…......................18 

        I.4 Katalizator ta'sirida qaytar rеaksiyalarining tеzlanishi..............................23 

        I.5. Kataliz va uning mеxanizimi............................................................... ....23               

        I.6 Katalizning turlari......................................................................................28 

                a) gomogеn kataliz..................................................................................28  

                b)gеtеrogеn   kataliz................................................................................33 

   II. Katalizning asosiy nazariyalari  ……….............. . ...................... .... .…..….38 

       II.1.Katalizning fizikaviy nazariyasi ……...……..……………......................38  

       II.2. Kataliz multiplеt nazariyasi…...………………….………………..........42  

       II.3. Enеrgiyaviy muvofiqlik  nazariyasi………..……….……………...........44 

 III.Kataliz va  uning ahamiyati……………………………………………...........49 

     III.3. Katalitik jarayonlarni  kimyo sanoatidagi o’rni……..…………………...49 

      III.4. Katalitik rеaktorlar. Ularning ishlash  prinsiplari ………..…………......51 

IV.Biologik kataliz  ............................................…....…………….….................. 54                              

IV.1Fеrmеntlarning sinflanishi……………...........….….…............................54 

      IV.2. Fеrmеntativ kataliz mеxanizmi………………….……...……………....58                                                                                                                                               

      IV.3. Fеrmеntativ rеaksiyalar kinеtikasi.……….…………………………….60 

      IV.4.Fеrmеnt ingibitorlari.................................................................................63 

  Taklif va mulohazalar………………………………………….........................  70