Zahiriddin muhammad bobur nomidagi andijon davlat universiteti ingliz tili grammatikasi kafedrasi

4. Causative-consecutive coordination (причинно-следственная cвязь, сабаб-натижа) expressed by the conjunctions for, so, .....сабабли,....туфайли, учун and the conjunctive adverbs, therefore, accordingly, consequently, hence, шунинг учун, шу сабабли, шу туфайли, оқибатда, натижада, шунга мувофиқ ҳолда,шундан келиб чиққан ҳолда, поэтому, следовательно, соответственно, так как, отсюда, etc. In English “for” in Uzbek “шунинг учун аnd in Russian “поэтому» introduce coordinate clauses explaining reason or aftermath of the preceding statement. terefore, so, consequently, hence, accordingly introduce coordinate clauses denoting cause, consequence and result.²
There was something amiss with Mr. Lightwood, for he was strangely grave and looked ill. (Dickens)
Мистер Лайтвудга бир нарса бўлганди, шунинг учун у жуда ўлимсанги ва касал кўринди.
С мистером Лайтвудудом было что-то неладно, так как он выглядел необычно дохлым и больным.
After all, the two of them belonged to the same trade, so talk was easy and happy between them. (Priestley)
Ахир уларнинг иккитаси бир савдо вакилллари эдилар,шунинг учун улар ўртасидаги сухбат енгил ва ёқимли эди.
В конце концов, двое из были из одной и той же торговли, поэтому(так что) разговор между ними был легким и радостным.
Hers (Lillian's) was not a soul that ever loved passionately, hence she could not suffer passionately. (Dreiser)
Его душа была не из тех, которая всегда страстно любила, отсюда она не могла страдать страстно.
Note.—There are cases when the conjunction for expresses relations approaching those of subordination, i. e. when it introduces a clause showing the reason of the action expressed in the preceding clause. In these cases the conjunction «for“, «шунинг учун» и “поэтому»
are very close in meaning to the conjunctions because, чунки, and ‘поэтому.
She (Lillian) was not helpless, for she had money of her own. (Dreiser)
У ночор эмас эди, чунки ўзининг пули бор эди.
Она не была беспомощной, так как у неё были свои деньги.
But even here for is not a subordinating conjunction, as the connection between the clause it introduces and the preceding clause is loose: a certain fact is stated and then, as it were on second thought, another statement with a causal meaning is added.
Cause, consequence and result may also be expressed by subordinate clauses, introduced by subordinating conjunctions.
Below we’ll try to illustrate them with examples in the compared languages:
It was a nice place, and Mr. and Mrs. Witla were rather proud of it (Dreiser).
У ажойиб жой эди, жаноб Витла ва унинг рафиқаси бундан мамнун эдилар.
Это было великолепное место и мистер Витла и его супруга были очень довольны этим.
The man had his head a little lowered, but the woman held her head high (Lindsay).
He knew there were excuses for his father, yet he felt sick at heart (Cronin).
Take it or leave it.
Возьми или оставь его.
He did not tell me, neither did he seem offended (Thomson).
He did not play at school, nor did he study (London).