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Suggested linking words
In my opinion - I believe
In the first place - To begin with
Therefore - In this way
Also - In addition
On the other hand - However
What is more - Moreover
All in all - To sum up
Activity 6. Read the following models and answer these questions: a) Which is a "for and against" argumentative essay? b) Which are the "for and against" points mentioned? c) Which is an opinion essay? d) How is each viewpoint supported? Finally, write down the topic of each paragraph. In what ways do these models differ?
"The aeroplane is the most convenient means of travel." Give your opinion on this statement.
Model A
Over the past few years, people have begun to travel to places they would only have dreamt of visiting thirty years ago, thanks to the possibilities offered / by air travel. In my opinion, travelling by aeroplane cannot be compared with any other means of transport.
To start with, there really is no faster way to travel. You can go from one \ country to another in a matter of hours which gives you more time to enjoy the actual purpose of your trip, rather than waste time travelling and dragging your luggage around.
Furthermore, you always feel well looked after on an aeroplane. You are served drinks and meals and offered newspapers and blankets which all help to ' make the journey more comfortable and enjoyable.
Of course, there are people who argue that travelling by plane can be a nightmare, with airport delays, cramped seats and turbulence to put up with. What is more, aeroplanes and airports are often targeted by terrorists, which makes some people think that travelling by plane is unsafe. They forget, however, that the number of deaths caused by cars is larger than that caused by planes.
In my opinion, air travel will always remain popular. Its speed, comfort and J convenience are hard to beat.
"Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by plane."
Model B
The aeroplane is one of the most popular and widely used forms of transport today. However, it does have both its advantages and disadvantages, as outlined below.
To begin with, you always feel that you are well looked after when travelling by plane. Once you have checked your luggage in, you need not worry about it until you reach your destination. What is more, once you are on board the plane, you are made to feel comfortable and are served refreshments and meals by friendly, helpful cabin crew. Finally, the speed of an aircraft ensures that you will reach your destination in a matter of hours.
However, air travel can be expensive and there are often long delays in airports which can be irritating. Also, many people are afraid of flying, and the cramped seats and claustrophobic atmosphere of a plane can be frightening, especially if there is turbulence. What is more, travelling from one time zone to another within a few hours means that you are likely to suffer from jet lag. This can take up to a week to recover from, which is not a good way to start a holiday.
All things considered, it seems that although air travel does have its bad points, it has one overwhelming positive aspect - the fact that it is far quicker than any other means of transport. This means that most travellers are willing to ignore its drawbacks if it means that they are able to make their journeys shorter.
Answer:
a) Model В is a baianced 'for and against" argumentative essay - (the essay is impersonal, the writer's opinion is not stated directly)
b) Points for: well looked after when travelling by plane, need not worry about luggage, comfortable, speedy means of travel
Points against: expensive, long delays, fear of flying, cramped seats and claustrophobic atmosphere, turbulence, jet lag
c) Model A is an opinion essay (the writer's opinion is stated in the beginning and the ending)
d) - fastest way to travel you can go from one country to another in a matter of hours ...
- well looked after - you are served drinks and meals and offered newspapers and blankets
- nightmare - airport delays, cramped seats, turbulence, often targeted by terrorists
Model A
Paragraph 1: Introduction-state opinion (traveling by plane better than other means of transport)
Paragraph 2: Viewpoint 1 and reason (faster; you can reach your destination quickly)
Paragraph 3: Viewpoint 2 and reason (well looked after; drinks, meals served, etc.)
Paragraph 4: Opposing viewpoint (travelling by plane a nightmare; delays, cramped seats, turbulence. targeted by terrorists)
Paragraph 5: Your opinion (air travel difficult when it comes to speed and convenience)
Model В
paragraph 1: Introduction - state topic (aeroplane one of most popular and widely used forms of transport today)
Paragraph 2: Arguments for (well looked after, comfortable, fast)
Paragraph 3: Arguments against (expensive, delays, fear of flying, cramped seats, claustrophobic atmosphere and turbulence)
Paragraph 4: Balanced consideration (travelling fly plane is much quicker and most people are willing to put up with the bad points for this reason)
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