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KUZATISH КЛМ ERAS I
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B E R K IT IS H Y E N T IL I
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(Po'lal).
KIRISH ......................................................................................................................3
I-M A S H G ‘ULO T
5
Mavzu: Grafik axborotlarni kom pyuterda bajarish mumkinligi to ‘g‘risida...5
1.1. A uto C AD 2000 ni yuklash ......................................................................... 6
1.2. Foydalanish interfeysi-stoli......................................................................... 10
II-M A S H G ‘U LO T
17
Mavzu: Ekranda kesm a chizish, uni vaziyatini o ‘zgartirish, unga rang, tur,
y a’ni tus-qiyofa va y o ‘g ‘onlik berish buyruqlari va ulardan foydalanish
algoritm lari.............................................................................................................. 17
2.1. Ekranda A utoC A D dasturida biror kesma chizish buyrug'i
quyidagi
algoritm asosida amalga o shiriladi.......................................................................17
2.2. Ekrandagi kesm ani yangi vaziyatga keltirish amali va undan foydalanish
algoritmi quyidagicha b o 'la d i.............................................................................. 19
2.3. Kesmaga rang berish buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritmi quyidagicha
b o 'la d i.......................................................................................................................19
2.4. Kesmani chiziq turlariga muvofiq chizish buyrug'i va undan foydalanish
algoritmi quyidagicha b o 'la d i.............................................................................. 20
2.5. C hiziqni y o 'g'onlashtirish algoritmi buyrug'i va undan foydalanish
algoritm i quyidagicha b o 'la d i.............................................................................. 21
III-M A S H G 'U L O
T
22
Mavzu: D ekart koordinatalar sistem asida nuqta koordinatalarini kiritish
usullari....................................................................................................................... 22
3.1. N uqta koordinatalarini kiritishning abcolyut koordinatalar u s u li ...... 22
3.2. Nuqta koordinatalarini kiritishning nisbiy koordina-talar usuli.................23
3 .3 .N uqta koordinatalarini kiritishning qutb usuli...........................................24
3.4..Kesma uzunligini tezkor kiritish usuli......................................................... 25
IV -M A S H G 'U L O T
27
Mavzu: K om pyuterda ko‘p burchak va aylana chizish va aylana chizish
buyruqlaridan foydalanib tutashm alar yasash.................................................. 27
4.1. K om pyuterda ko'pburchak chizish bo 'yrug'i va u ndan foydalanish
algoritm i................................................................................................................... 27
4.2.K om pyuterda aylana chizish buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algaritmi va
aylana chizish va kesish buvaiqlaridan foydalanib tutashm alar yasash .... 28
4 .3 .T u tash m alam i yasashda yum aloqlash ''С к р у гл е н и е ” b u y ru g 'id a n
foydalanish m um kinligi va uning alg o ritm i.....................................................32
V -M A S H G 'U L O T
34
M avzu: C h iz m a n i ta x rir q ilis h n in g asosiv
b u y riq la ri va u la rd a n
foydalanish a lg o ritm la ri.......................................................................................34
5.1. ‘'C re p eT b ''-"0 'c h irish ” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritm i........... 34
5.2."'KonnpoBaTb” -"Nusxa olish” buvmg'i va undan foydalanish algoritmi..... 34
5.3. “ MaccHB’‘- “C hizm ada bir xil elem entlarni ko'plab tasvirlash" buyrug'i
va undan foydalanish algoritmi............................................................................ 35
5.4.“Зеркало”- “ К о ^ и ” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritmi............... 39
5.5.“CaBHr”- “ Surish”.buyrug‘i va undan foydalanish algoritm i.................. 40
VI - M A S H G 'U L O T ........................................................................................ 42
Mavzu: Chizm ani taxrir qilishning asosiy buyruqlari va ulardan foydalanish
algoritm lari............................................................................................................. 42
6.1 .“ nepeM ecTM Tb” - “ K o ‘c h ir is h ” b u y ru g 'i va u n d a n fo y d a la n ish
a lg o ritm i..................................................................................................................42
6.2.“ rioBepHyrb” - “ B urish'’ buyrug’i va u ndan foydalanish algoritm i....42
6.3..“ М асш таб” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritm i............................. 44
6.4.“y^MHMTb” - “ LJzaytirish” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritmi.....45
6.5..“Ф аск а” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritm i................................. 45
6.6. ''Pa3opBaTb”- “ Uzish” buyrug'i va undan foydalanish algoritmi........... 46
V II-M A S H G 'U L O
T
49
M avzu: Kesim va qirqim yuzalarini shtrixlash. G rafik ax b o ro tla rn i-
chizm alam i xotiraga sa q la sh ...............................................................................49
7 .1. K esim va q irq im y u z a la rin i s h tr ix la s h b u y ru g 'i va u n d a n
foydalanish algoritm i........................................................................................... 49
7.2. G rafik ax b o ro tla rn i-c h iz m a la rn i xotiraga saqlash tartib i, haxsiy
papka yaratish va fayllarni xotirada saqlash.........................................................51
V III-M A S H G 'U L O T
54
Mavzu: Grafik axborotlarga o'lcham qo'yish buyruqlari.............................. 54
8.1. “ РазмерьГ-''O ic h a m la r” qo'yishga tayyorgarlik ko'rish tartibi............ 54
8.2. “ Pa3Mepbi” - “0 'lc h a m la r” qo'yish buyrug'i va uning algoritm i............57
Kom pyuter grafikasidan birinchi joriy nazorat ishi ( l - Ж Б ) .......................59
IX -M A SH G ‘U LO ..................................................................................................T 60
Mavzu: Kompyuter grafikasidan laboratoriya ishlarini bajarishga oid tavsiyalar
va uslubiy ko'rsatm alar.......................................................................................... 60
9.1. Laboratoriya ishlarini joylashtirish uchun A4yoki A3 formatlami bajarishga
oid tavsiyalar va uslubiy ko'rsatm alar................................................................ 60
9.2. A utoC A D dasturida yozuvlar bajarish........................................................61
X -X I-M A S H G 'U L O T L A R
64
Mavzu: K om pyuter grafikasidan 1-laboratoriya ishlarini bajarishga oid
tavsiyalar va uslubiy k o 'rsa tm a la r..................................................................... 64
10-11.1. I-laboratoriya ishi-“TeKis kontur” chizmasini, y a'n i “Tutashm a” ni
bajarish uchun tavsiyalar va uslubiy ko'rsatm alar............................................. 64
10-11.2. I-laboratoriya ishini bajarish va taxt qilish...........................................65
X II-X lll-M A S H G 'lJI.O T L A R ......................................................................... 67
Mavzu: Kompyutergrafikasidan I I-laboratoriya ishini bajarishga oid tavsiyalar
va uslubiy ko'rsatm alar.......................................................................................... 67
12-13.1.1 I-laboratoriya ishi-" Ikki ko'rinishi bo'yicha berilgan predmetning uchinchisini
topish, kesim, qirqim bajarish va o'lcham lar qo'yish” , y a'n i “ Proeksion
chizmachilik"ka oid vazifalami bajarishga tavsiyalar va uslubiy ko'rsatmalar.......... 67
12-13.2. 11-laboratoriya ishini bajarish va taxt qilish........................................ 67
XI V -X V -M A SH G ‘U L O T L A R ......................................................................... 69
Mavzu: III-laboratoriya ishi-“Yig‘m a birlik tarkibiga kinjvchi detallarni ajratib
ishchi chizm alam i bajarish”ga oid uslubiy ko‘rsatm alar va tav siy alar...... 69
14-15.1. III-laboratoriya ishining maqsadi va m azm uni................................69
14-15.2.
Ill-la b o ra to riy a ishini bajarish uchun tavsiyalar va uslubiy
k o 'rsatm alar............................................................................................................. 69
14-15.3. III-laboratoriya ishini taxt qilish. Uni xotirada saqlash va chizm a
qog'ozigachiqarish.................................................................................................. 70
K om pyuter grafikasidan ikkinchi joriy nazorat ishi ( 2 - Ж Н ) ........................ 74
XVI- X V II- M A S H G 'U L O T L A R ................................................................... 75
Mavzu: IV-laboratoriya ishi-yig‘ma birlikning «Yig‘ish chizmasi» ni bajarish...75
16-17.1. IV - laboratoriya ishini maqsadi va m azm uni................................... 75
16-17.2. IV -lab o rato riy a ishini bajarish u ch u n tav siy alar va uslubiy
ko‘rsatm alar............................................................................................................. 75
16-17.3. IV-laboratoriya ishini chop etishga taxt qilish va xotirada saqlash.... 76
X V IIl-M A S H G 'U L O T .......................................................................................79
M av z u si: K o m p y u te r g ra fik a s id a n y a k u n iy n a z o ra t (Y a N ) ish in i
bajarish............................................................................................................. .........79
18.1. Yakuniy nazorat ishining maqsadi va m azm uni....................................... 79
18.2. Y ak u n iy n a z o ra t ish in i b ajarish u c h u n ta v siy a la r va u slubiy
k o 'rsatm alar............................................................................................................. 79
18.3. Yakuniy nazorat ishini taxt qilish va uni xotiraga saqlab, chizma qog‘oziga
chiqarib olish............................................................................................................79
ILOVALAR..............................................................................................................80
1-laboratoriya ishiga o'rta murakkablikdagi vazifa variantlari............................. 80
Birinchi nazorat ishi uchun vazifa variantlari................................................ 86
Ikkinchi laboratoriya ishi uchun shaxsiy vazifa variantlari, m urakkab vazifa
variantlari..................................................................................................................94
0 ‘rta murakkablikdagi vazifa variantlari.......................................................... 108
Ikkinchi nazorat ishiga o‘rta murakkablikdagi vazifa variantlari..................... 115
Oddiy murakkablikdagi vazifa variantlari......................................................... 123
Ikkinchi nazorat ishiga oddiy murakkablikdagi vazifa variantlari....................128
3 va 4 laboratoriya ishlariga shaxsiy vazifa variantlari........................................ 133
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