Y3I>EK11ctoh pecnYI>U11kac11 ou11 ba ypta



Download 1,75 Mb.
bet71/132
Sana26.03.2022
Hajmi1,75 Mb.
#510772
1   ...   67   68   69   70   71   72   73   74   ...   132
Bog'liq
Shoxazmiy

MorHH 6o opH pHcKrapH, rapHH 6ax, rarn Ba 6ornKapHrn

TypJl OMHJlJl HH (1.4 naparpacpra l\ paJlcHH) Hl\ O)l, TabcHp 3THwH Ta6HaTH Ba l\ HH51TJlapH Hl\ HcO)l,HeT cy6beKTJl pH TOMOHH)l,aH KynHHYa )l,OHMO y3Jl cH3, y3 Bal\ H)l,a, aHHl\ Ba TyJl H)l, OK l\HJlHHHwH l\ i1 6yJlraHJl rH ca6aJl Ba wy MyHOca6aT 6HJlaH Ta6HaTaH 3x,THMOJlHi1 6yJl pHcKJl HH MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, Bal\TH Bal\TH 6HJlaH By y)l, KeJl Tycpai1Jl yH)l, cO)l, 6yJlyBYH pHcKJl x,O)l,HcaJl , apaeHJl Ba x,aTTH x, KaTJl x,O3HpraYa 6y 6O3OpHHHr acOcHi1 MyaMMOJlap)l, 6yJl KeJlMOl\)l, . yH)l, H KeJl YHl\H6 TabKH)l,Jl Jl H, pHcKJl x,aBcpH MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, Ba yH)l, cpaOJlH51 opHTa)l, aH 6apYa l\ YHJl x,apaKaTJl H)l,a x,ap )l , HM HwTHpOK 3Ta)l, Ba wy ca6a6Jl yJl H Tax,JlHJl l\HJl 6 6ax,OJl Ba 6Owl\ Hw MacaJlaJlapHHH x,eY l\ H MOJlH51 Ha3apH51cH Ba aMaJlHeTH KyH TapTH6H)l, H YHl\ pH6 6yJlMai1)l,H.
YMyMaH OJl aH)l, , MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, H pHcKJl MaH6acH x,ap Typ)l, OMHJlJl x,HcO6Jl 6, yJl HHr 3x,THMOJlHi1 Tap3)l, MabJl M Ba HOMabJl M )l,apa a)l, H TabcHpH MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, MOc paBHw)l, pHcKJlH apaeH, x,O)l, Ba x,apaKaTJl HH KeJl pH6 YHl\apa)l, . Owl\ l\HJl 6 ai1 HJl , pHcKJl x,ap
)l, HM OMHJlJl TapKH6H)l, MaB y)l, 6yJl , Ta6HaTaH 3x,THMOJlHi1 XapaKTepra 3ra l\OHyHH51TJlap acOcH)l, Tapl\ Jla)l,H, yJl HHHr TabcHpH OcTH)l, MOJlH51 6O3OpH Myx,HTH)l,a pHBO Jl HHwH waKJlJl BYH BOl\eJlHKJl ra 6eBOcHTa eKH 6HJl cHTa yTa)l, (KyYa)l, ). yH)l,ai1 x,OJl y3 y3H)l, MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, pHcKJl MyaMMOcHHH yTa )l,OJl Jl rHHH Tac)l,Hl\Jlai1)l,H.
eMaK, pHcKJl MOJlH51 6O3OpH Myx,HTH)l,a )l, O MaB y)l, 6yJl , yHHHr x,OJl Ba pHBOJl wH cHcpaTHHH nacai1 H6 Ba 3aHcpJl H6 Typa)l, (yMyMaH OJl aH)l,a 6O3Op Myx,
"HcpJl cJl THpa)l, ”), 6ab3aH 3ca eMOHJl THpa)l, . PHcKJl Ta6HaTH Ma3MyHHHH Ba TabcHpH l\ HH51TJl pHHH H)l, OK l\HJlHw (Tax,JlHJl HerH3H)l, ) acOcH)l, yJlapHH nacai1 Hw Ba 6Owl\ Hw YOpa- Ta)l,6HpJlapHHH HwJl 6 YHl\Hw MyMKHH. y 3ca MOJlH51 6O3OpH l\ THawYHJlapH yYyH KaTTa ax,aMH51 3ra.
TabKH)l,Jl OH3KH, MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, H x,O)l, Ba x,apaKaTJl YeKcH3 6yJl aHJl rH yYyH yJl TapKH6H)l, rH pHcKJl HHHr cOHH x,aM yMyMaH OJlraH)l,a caHOl\cH3)l,Hp. Jl HH 6yHra l\ paMac)l,aH x, )l, pHcKJl HHHr Ma3MyHH, acOcHi1 TypJl pH, yJl KeJl YHl\HwH Ta6HaTH Ba TabcHpH )l, pa acH
KynYHJl MyTax,accHcJl ra MabJl M. Wy Tycp i1Jl x,O3Hp)l, pHcK MyaMMOcH l\yi1 aH Kyn MacaJlaJl MabJlyM )l,apa a)l, y3 eYHMHHH TOnH6 KeJl l\)l, .
Yw6y 6O6)l,arH MaB3yJl )l, H)l, HJl H 6OpHYa MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, KynpOl\ a paJl TypyBYH Ba 6O3Op l\ YHJl H x,apaKaTJl Hra ce3HJlapJl TabcHp KypcaTyBYH pHcKJlapHH TacHHcpJl Ba TaBcHcpJl ra, 6ax,OJl ra, npOrHO3 l\HJl w Ba 6Owl\ w MacaJlaJl ra )l,Hl\l\ MH3HH l\ H3.
X, 3Hpra KeJl pHcKJlapHH 6ax,OJl )l, TypJlH ycyJlJlap)l, cp i1)l,aJl HJl MOl\)l, , MacaJlaH: OpraHOJl HK ()l,acTJl Tap3)l, TabcHp cHcp 6ax,O Jlaw)l, ), cTaTHcTHK 3MnHpHK (6ax,OJlaw)l, Kyn Bal\ Ba Ma6Jl HH TaJl l\HJla)l, ), yMyMJlawTHpHJl aH 3x,THMOJlHi1 aTeMaTHK ycyJlJlap (yJl H l\ JlJl ap3OH Ba l\ Jlai1). yJl HHHr HYH)l,a 3Hr Kyn l\ JlJl HHJla)l,HraHH – 6y 3x,THMOJlHi1 MaTeMaTHK ycyJlJl
6yJl , yJl HHHr ep)l,aMH)l,a MOJlH51 6O3OpH pHcKJlapH Ba yH)l, x,ap l\ H)l, i1 l\ THawYHHHHr Bal\T 6HpJl HYH)l,arH x,apaKaTH pHcKcH3JlHJlHrH )l, pa acHHH MHl\)l,OpHi1 6ax,OJl MyMKHH39.

MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, H “x,apaKaTJl pHcKcH3JlHJlHrH” - 6O3Op)l, pHcKJlH wapOHTJlap)l, l\ THawYHHHHr 6H3Hec cp HKu,H51cH Ba x,apaKaTJl MabJl M Bal\T )l, BOMH)l, l\ Hl\ pJl 6a apHwH 3x,THMOJl . Owl\ l\HJl 6 ai1THJl , “x,apaKaTJl p pHcKcH3Jl Jl ” - l\ YHHHHr wyH)l,ai1 x,OccacHKH, yHra acOcaH l\ YH MabJl M Bal\ )l, H)l, pHcKcH3 x,apaKaTHHHr H)l, 3THJlraH Ba aHHl\ npOrHO3 l\HJlHHraH )l, pa acH)l,a 6apl\apOp (l\ HHl\ pJl ) cp OJlH51 HHH y3JlyKcH3 cal\Jl opHTHwH TywyHHJla)l, .
yH)l, i1 TabpHcp)l, l\yi1H)l,arHJl p MyaMMOJl x,HcO6ra OJl JlO3HM:

  1. pHcKJl HH cp Bl\ JlO)l,)l,a nai1)l,O 6yJl MyMKHHJl x,HcO6ra OJl , y x,OJl)l, x,ap l\ H)l,ai1 x,apaKTJl pHcKcH3Jl Jl H 3x,THMOJlHi1 XapaKTepra 3ra, )l, 6y x,Occa wapTJlH)l, ;

  2. l\ Hl\ pJl cp OJlH51 opHTHw TaMOi1HJl l\ 6yJl l\HJlHHHwH MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yH)l, x,ap l\aH)l,ai1 l\ YHHHHr cp JlH51 H napaMeTpJlapH MabJl M Bal\ )l, H)l, pHcKJlapra MOi1HJlJl )l,

)l,aJl Jl 6epa)l, , )l, 6yH)l,ai1 x,Occa x,aM wapTJlH)l, ;

  1. l\ THawYH x,apaKaTHHH OJl)l,HH)l,aH Tax,MHHaH MabJl M )l, 6 OJl MOJlH51 6O3OpH Myx,HTHHHHr pHcKJlH wapOHTJl MOcJl HHH 6ax,OJl JlO3HM. ax, Jl )l, 6yH)l,ai1 Tax, O)l,aT)l, x,apaKaTHHHr l\Hcl\ Bal\ )l, pH)l, Ma3MyHra 3ra 6yJlHwH MyMKHH, )l, 6y x,Occa x, wapTJl )l, .

"PHcKcH3JlHJlHK” TepMHHH OcTH)l, , yMyMaH OJlraH)l,a, MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yH)l, rH l\ THawYH TOMOHH)l, H TaJla6 l\HJlHHraH cp HKu,H51 Ba cp OJlH51 x,eY l\ H)l, i1 pHcKJl 6a apHwra l\O)l, pJl TywyHYacH eTa)l, . “K,O)l, Jl ” TepMHHH 3ca MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yH)l, rH l\ THawYH TaJla6 l\HJlHHraH cp HKu,H51 Ba cp OJlH51 HH 6a apHwra l\O)l, eKH l\O)l, 3Mac )l, raH MabHO)l, l\ JlJl HHJla)l,H. AMMO "l\O)l, Jl ” TywyHYacH a6cTpaKT (y3rapyBYaH), 51 l\ w MabHO)l, 6yJlraHJl yYyH TaJl l\HJl
cp HKu,H51 Ba cp OJlH51 HH 6a apHwJl Ka l\O)l,HpJlHKHHHr TypJl (3Hr KpHTHK MHl\)l,OpH HKKHTa 6yJl )l, ,
51 “l\O)l,Hp” Ba “l\O)l,Hp 3Mac”) )l,apa aJl pHHH aHHl\Jl w MyMKHH.
Ai1THJlraHJl p acOcH)l, TabKH)l,Jlaw MyMKHHKH, arap MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yHHHr l\ THawYHcH cpyHKu,H51 x,aM)l,a pHcKJlap KpHTepHi1Jl (Me3OHJl H) 51l\l\OJl KypHHHw)l, (waKJl)l, , Typ)l,a) 6epHJl aH 6yJl , yH)l, x,apaKaTJl pHcKcH3Jl Jl 3x,THMOJlHi1 KypcaTKHYJl (3x,THMOJlHi1 aTeMaTHK ycyJlJl , MO)l, JlJl p) ep)l,aMH)l,a aHHl\ MHl\)l,Op)l, HcpO)l,aJl HHwH MyMKHH. yH)l, pHcKJl Tal\cHMJl HHwHHHHr 3x,THMOJlHi1 l\ HyHH51TJl pHHH OcOH TOnHw MyMKHH 6yJla)l,H Ba yHHHr acOcH)l, l\ THawYHHHHr MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, x,apaKaTJl pH pHcKcH3JlHJlHrH )l, pa acHHH 6ax,OJl Ba npOrHO3 l\HJlHw HMKOHH51TH By y)l, KeJla)l,H.
3cJl Hw JlO3HMKH, x,apaKaTJl pHcKcH3Jl Jl H )l, yJl H pe aJl THpHw 6Ocl\ )l, 6eJl Jl OJl a)l, , Kei1 YaJl x,apaKaTJl HH 6a apHw YOFH)l, 3ca pHcKcH3Jl Jl )l, ra OpHi1
39 KpywBHu, Jl. HcHpOBaHHe H HHBecTHu, . HeOKJl ccHYecKHe OcHOBI TeOpHH cp HcOB./nep. C HeM. nO)l, O6W,ei1 pe)l,.B.B.KOBaJleBa, 3.A.Ca6OBa.-Cn6.: nHTep, 2000.-400 c. nepBO3BaHcKHi1 A.A. HHaHcOBIi1 pIHOK, pacYeT H pHcK.-M.:
VIHcppa M, 1994; WOx, b3aMHi1 W.W., 3ycpapOBa W.W., WOx, b3aMHi1 W.W. TeOpH51 6e3pHcKOBOcTH )l,ei1 TBHi1 Ha pIHKaX: cpHHaHcOBOM H u,eHHIX 6yMar.-T.: TVI, 2004.-101 c.
y3rapTHpHw Ba l\ HMYaJl 3 3pHwH6 6yJl ai1)l,H. 4yHKH pHcKcH3Jl Jl x,OccacH a6cTpaKT TywyHYa, Ta6HaTaH 3x,THMOJl i1 l\OHyHH51 3ra 6yJl , yHH H)l, OK 3THw x,ap l\ H)l, i1 l\ THawYHra x,aM OcOHJl a KeYMai1)l,H, HaTH a)l, Kyn l\aTHawYHJl p OJl)l,HH)l,aH Ty3raH MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, )l, cTJla6KH Tax,JlHJlHi1 rHO3 acOcH)l, pe aJl THpraH pHcKcH3 cp JlH51 )l, ypJl HH TyJlHl\ aMaJlra OwHpHwra HOl\ Jl 6yJl KeJl l\)l,aJl .
yH)l, i1 x,OJl MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l,arH pHcKJl Ba x,apaKaTJl p pHcKcH3JlHJlHrH MyaMMOcHHH TH3HMJl eH)l,awyB acOcH)l, H)l, OK 3THwHH, Ta)l,l\Hl\OTJl HH )l, BOM 3TTHpHwHH Ba wyHHHr acOcH)l, eYHMHHH TOnHwHH Tal\a3O 3Ta)l,H.
KOHKpeT x,apaKaTHH l\ JlJl HHJl H Ba yHHHr 3apypJl yw6y x,apaKaTHHHr pHcKcH3JlHJlHK KypcaTKHYHHH 6eJlrHJlai1)l,H. yH)l, yw6y KypcaTKHY)l, H cpOi1)l, Jl Kyn Hx,aT)l,aH TyFpH KeJlHwJl H Ba 3apypaTJlHJl K MabHOcHHH Kac6 3Ta)l, . 0)l,aT)l, MOJlH51 6O3OpH l\ YHcH)l, x,ap 6HpH TypJl pHcKcH3Jl Jl )l, ra 3ra 6yJl aH x,HJl a x,HJl cpyHKu,H51 Ba x,apaKaTJl 6a apHw TaJl l\HJl wH MyMKHH. yH)l, Tawl\ , 6eJl Jl pHcKJlH wapOHTJl )l, l\ YH Bal\ HHHr TypJl OpaJl l\Jl )l, TaJla6 l\HJlHHraH cp HKu,H51 Ba x,apaKaTJl pHH MyBacpcp l\H51TJl 6a apHwHHHr TypJl 3x,THMOJl ra 3ra 6yJl wH MyMKHH.
MOJlH51 6O3OpH l\ YHcHHHHr HcTaJl aH x,apaKaTJl H OJl)l, )l, l\yi1 Jl aH Mal\ca)l, capH TawKHJlJl wraH npOu,e)l, paJlap (Onepau,H51Jlap) waKJlH)l, aMaJl OwHpHJla)l,H. 4yHKH 6yHH MOJlH51 6O3OpH cp JlH51THHH ol\OpH )l,apa a)l, TawKHJlJlawTHpHw TaMOi1 Jl acOcJl Max, Hl\ cO)l,Hi1 l\yl\ i1 MeXaHH3M Tal\a3O 3TH6 6eJlrHJlai1)l,H (I-YH Ba II-YH 6O6Jl ra l\ paJlcHH). y TaMOi1HJl x,ap 6Hp l\ THawYHHHHr cp OJlH51 HHH (x,apaKaTJl pHHH) MOJlH51 6O3OpH MeXaHH3MH 6HJlaH TyJlHl\ MOcJl wTHpHJl wHHH TaJla6 l\HJla)l,H. Jl HH 6yHra l\ paMac)l,aH x,ap l\aH)l, i1 l\ THawYH yHHHr MOJlH51 6O3OpH MeXaHH3MHra MOcJl BH 3apypJl wapTHHH 6y3yBYH KyTHJl H)l, (3x,THMOJl i1) nai1)l,O 6yJla)l,HraH x,O)l, Jl ra )l, Y KeJl MyMKHH. yH)l, i1 x,O)l, Jl HHHr ca6a6YHcH l\ THawYH TOMOHH)l,aH x,apaKaTJl YOFH)l, 6HJl 6 6HJl ai1, 6ex,OcTa eKH l\aJl c eKH TaBaKKaJl paBHw)l, (cy6beKTHB x,OJlaTJlap) i1yJl l\yi1 Jla)l, aH eKH yHra 6OFJlHl\ 6yJl araH x,OJl)l, TycaT)l, (MacaJlaH, Ta6HHi1 OcpaTJl , 51 H O6beKTHB eKH cp pc Ma Op x, JlaTJlap) nai1)l, 6yJlyBYH pHcKJl )l, .
PHcKJl H TyJlHl\ Ba y3 Bal\ H)l, a)l, aHHl\Jl acOcH)l, yJl a TabcHp KypcaTHw MyMKHH,
)l, MaK yJl HH 6Owl\ HwHHHr peaJl HMKOHH51TH nai1)l,O 6yJla)l,H. Yw6y MabHO)l, rH x,OJl)l, pHcK – cp OJlH51 Hr cHTyau, XapaKTepHcTHKacH 6yJlH6, y3H)l,a MyBacpcp l\H51TcH3JlHKHH KeJl YHl\apyBYH HaTH aHHHr HOaHHl\Jl HHH Ba MyMKHH 6yJl HOx, w HaTH aJl HH aKc 3Ta)l,H. yH)l,ai1 HOx, w x,O)l,HcaJl Ba HOaHHl\ HaTH aJl 3x,THMOJlHi1 paBHw)l, By y)l, KeJl H)l, l\ i1 )l, HJl ca6a6 6yJl MyMKHH: MaMJl KaT)l,arH l\OHyHYHJl Ba OpHi1 Hl\ O)l,Hi1 x,OJl THH 6apl\apOpMacJl H, cHecHi1 x,OJl HOaHHl\Jl , 6O3Op KOHboHKTypacHHH, Hapx,Jl pHH, BaJloTa KypcJl pHHH y3rapHwH Ba x,.K.
MOJlH51 6O3OpH)l, wyH)l,ai1 l\ HH51 MaB y)l, , yHra MyBOcpHl\ pHcK )l, pa acH l\ HYaJl nacT 6yJl , ol\OpH MOJlH51BHi1 HaTH a OJl 3x,THMOJl MyTaHOcH6 paBHw)l, wyHYa KaM 6yJla)l,H Ba 6yHHHr aKcH 6yJl H MyMKHH. eMaK, MOJlH51 6O3OpH l\ YHcH OJl)l,H)l, pHcK )l, Ba MOJlH51BHi1 HaTH a MHl\)l, pH OpacH)l, HHc6aTHH OnTHMaJlJl THpHw MacaJlacH Typa)l, .
IOl\OpH)l, ai1THJlraHJl pHHHr 6apYacH MyaJlJlHcp TOMOHH)l, H HwJl YHl\HJl HJl cypHJl pHcKJlapHHHr TH3HMJl Ha3apH51cHra acOcJl aH. apYa ai1 HJl aHJl HHHr Tac)l, cHcp )l, l\ i1 )l, 6y Ha3apH51 acOcH)l, HwJl YHl\ Jl aH Ha3apHi1 MeXaHH3M ep)l, )l, pHcKJlap x,aM)l, 6O3Op)l, cp OJlH51 Ba x,apaKaTJl p pHcKcH3JlHJlHrH Ta6HaTH Ma3MyHHHH, TypJl pHHH, l\OHyHH51TJl pHHH, TabcHp MeXaHH3MHHH, 6ax,OJl Ba 6Owl\ pHw MeTO)l,OJlOrH51 HHH KOHKpeT HcpO)l, Jlai1 3.
MOJlH51 6O3OpHHHHr x,ap 6Hp l\ THawYHcH cp OJlH51 HHH (x,apaKaTJl ) Ba MOJlH51 6O3OpH MeXaHH3MHHH y3apO 6OFJlHl\Jl )l, Ba yi1 yHJlHK)l, MOc KeJl )l, pa acHHH (6y napaMeTpHH l\yi1H)l, l\ l\ Ya MK )l, 6 6eJlrHJl 6 OJl H3) x,O3Hp)l,a ypraHHw 6O3Op Ba yHHHr l\ THawYHJlapHHH TypJl
OMHJlJl a, yJl TapKH6H)l, x,aMHwa MaB y)l, 3x,THMOJlHi1 pHcKJlapra yTa ce3rHp 6yJlaHJlHrH, 6yJl pHHHr TabcHpH OcTH)l, TycaT)l, By y)l, KeJlyBYH TypJl HOx, w BOl\eJlHKJl (x,O)l, Ba apaeHJl , x,apaKaTJl p) pHBO H waKJlJl H 3x,THMOJlH x,ap )l, MaB y)l, 6yJlraHJl ca6aJl Myx,HM ax,aMH51 3ra.
PHcKJl MOJlH51 6O3OpH Myx,HTHHH “HcpJlOcJl THpHwH” Ba MK MHl\)l,OpHra caJl Hi1 TabcHp KypcaTHwH ca6a6Jl yJlap)l, TO3aJl 3apypJlHrH Ta6HHi1)l, , )l, , Jl 6y 3apypaT x,aHy3raYa MyaMMO cHcpaTH)l, )l,OJl 6 6yJl 6 KeJl l\)l, .
y MyaMMOHH eYHw)l,a l\yi1H)l,arHJl pra ax,aMH51T 6epHw JlO3HM:

  • MK MHl\)l, pHra TabcHp 3TyBYH pHcKJlapHH By y)l, KeJl H ca6a6Jl a Ba TypJl Tap3)l, x,OcHJl 6yJl BYH pHcKJl HH nacai1 w ycyJlJl ;

  • MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yHHHr l\ THawYHcH cp OJlH51 HHHHr HcTaJl )l, BpH)l,a (cp 3acH)l, ) yJl HHHr pHcKJlapra TabcHpYaHJlHrH )l, ra;

  • pHcKJl wapOHTH)l, MK MHl\)l,OpHHH npOrHO3 l\HJlHHraHJl rH eKH l\HJlHHHwH MyMKHHJl x,OJl Hra;

  • MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba yHHHr l\ THawYHJlapH cpaOJlH51TH)l,arH pHcKJl HH 6Owl\ pHw 6yi1 caMapaJl YOpa Ta)l,6HpJlapHH MaB y)l,Jl eKH HwJl YHl\ Jl MyMKHHJl .

CaHa6 yTHJl aH MacaJlaJl H eYHw MOJlH51 6O3OpH Ba MK MHl\)l,OpHHH HOx,yw pHcKJlap)l, TO3aJl a l\ aTHJlraH.
K, THawYHJlapHHHr MK MHl\)l,OpH – l\ THawYHJlapHHHr OJl)l,HH)l,aH MabJl M pHcJlH wapOHTJl p)l,a y3Jl pH Ba MOJlH51 6O3OpHHHHr cHcpaT KypcaTKHYJl HHH eMOHJl wTHpMaraH Tap3)l, TawKHJlJl wraH, 6Hp- 6HpH 6HJl y3apO MOc KeJla)l, aH x,apaKaTJl HH 6a apHw cHcp )l, HH KypcaTa)l, . yH)l, x,ap HKKaJl Tapacp x, 6Hp 6HpHra ( yMJla)l, , wepHK 6yJl aH l\ Jl x,aM) HOx,yw TabcHp KypcaTMacJlHrH Ba 6Hp 6HpHra pHcK TyF)l,HpMacJlHrH KepaK.
PHcKJl HH 6ax,OJlaw)l, yY acOcHi1 3JleMeHTHH (yHcypHH) HHO6aTra OJl JlO3HM: pHcK MaH6aH (PM); TapKH6H)l, H pHcKJl Tapl\aJl )l, H Onepau,H51Jl p TynJl MH; pHcK peu, nTOpH (PP).
PMHH PPra TabcHpH 6eBOcHTa (TyFpH)l, TyFpH) Ba 6HJl OcHTa (TyFpH 6yJlMaraH) 6yJlHwH MyMKHH.
K, THawYHJlap ycpTJlHrH)l, rH MK )l, H)l, HYKH pHcKJl (VI ), x,ap l\ H)l, i1 ycpJlHKJlap OpacH)l,a 3ca ycpTJlHKJl p pHcKJl pH ()l{ ) By y)l,ra KeJlHwH MyMKHH.
TabKH)l,Jl OH3KH, VI Ba )l{ 6ex,OcTa (Tawl\ OMHJlJlap ca6a6Jl OJl)l, )l, 6HJl araH x,OJl)l, ) Ba/eKH H)l, KJl (cy6beKTHB ca6a6Jl OMHJlJl acOcH)l, ) paBHw)l, By y)l, KeJl H MyMKHH. yH)l, H)l, OKJlHJl H pHBO Jl HraH 6O3Op wapOHTH)l, 51l\l\OJl npOrHO3Jl wH MyMKHH Ba npOcp cHOHaJlJl p yYyH yHYaJl x,aBcp TyF)l, pMai1)l,H, 51 yJl pHH 6Owl\apHw MyMKHH.
AMMO 6ex,OcTaJl H Tawl\ OMHJlJlapra 6OFJlHl\Jl Ba Ta6HaTaH 3x,THMOJlHi1Jl K XapaKTepHra 3ra 6yJlraHJl ca6a6JlH l\Hi1 6Owl\ pHJl )l, . WyHHHr yYyH 6ex,OcTa By y)l, KeJlyBYH pHcKJl ( P) aMaJlHeT)l, MyaMMOJl 6yJla)l, . eMaK, PJlapHH 6Owl\ Hw Mal\ca)l,H)l, ypraHHw MacaJlaJl npOcp OHaJlJlap Ba O)l,)l,Hi1 HHBecTOpJl yYyH Myx, ax, 51 a 3ra.
yH)l, P Ba Tawl\H OMHJlJl p ypTacH)l,arH aJlOl\aHH Myx,HMJl H ce3Hw MyMKHH. Arap 6y aJlOl\ HHHr HerH3H)l, KeJlTHpHJlraH 8.1.1-pacMra MypO aaT l\HJlcaK, yH)l, PHH 6Owl\ Hw TaMOi1HJl
51l\l\ Jl KypHw MyMKHH.
MO)l, Jl)l,aH KypHHH6 TypH6)l, H, Tawl\H OMHJlJl pHHHr By y)l, KeJl PHH paF6aTJlaHTHpa)l,H, MOc paBHw)l, PHH By y)l, KeJl H 3ca PMra TabcHp KypcaTa)l, . Y3 HaB6aTH)l, , PM)l, YHl\l\ pHcKJl Onepau,H51Jl TynJl TapKH6H)l, My accaMJl raH paBHw)l, PPra TabcHp KypcaTa)l, Ba HaTH a)l, PP x,apaKaTHJlap)l, HOx, w x,O)l,HcaJl TyF)l, 6 caJl6Hi1 HaTH aJl H KeJl pHw YHl\apa)l, . y HaTH aJl y3 HaB6aTH)l, Tawl\ Ba HYKH OMHJlJl a TabcHp KypcaTa)l, . WyH)l,ai1 l\HJl 6, “Tawl\
153
OMHJlJl ” – “PM” – “PP” – “Tawl\ OMHJlJl ” KypHHHwH)l,arH 3aH Hp)l, H6OpaT A KOHTypH nai1)l,O 6yJla)l,H. y KOHTyp )l, H)l, (HYH)l,a) x,OcHJl 6yJlyBYH x,ap 6Hp 3aH Hp u,HKJlH)l, ()l, BpH)l,a) By y)l, KeJl aH pHcKJlap Kei1 HrH 3aH Hp u, KJl a yTH6, 3x,THMOJlHi1 Tap3)l, HKKH 6apO6ap OwraH (ycTMa ycT TywHw acOcH)l, OpTH6 6OpyBYH) pHcKJl MHl\)l,OpHHH (cyMMacHHH) KeJl YHl\apa)l, . 0)l,aT)l,a OwH6 6OpyBYH pHcKJl MHl\)l,OpHHH nacai1 Hw yYyH PP (51bHH l\ THawYHJlap) pHcKJl HHH cyFypTaJlai1)l,HJl (KOHTyp B). yH)l, H KypHHH6 TypH6)l, H, KOHTyp B KOHTyp A )l, H)l, ra pHcKJlapHH KOMneHcau,H51Jl a x,H3MaT l\HJla)l, , HaTH a)l, 3ca 6apYa pHcKJlap TyJlHl\Jl rHYa cyFypTaJlOBYHra yTa)l, .
y ycyJl )l, He)l, 3Hr KeHr Tapl\ Jl H 6yJl , pHcKJl pHH 6Owl\apHwHHHr cO)l,)l,a ycyJl x,HcO6Jl Ha)l,H.

PHc.8.1.1. P 6Owl\ pHJlHwHHH TawKHJlJlawTHpHw TaMOi1HJlH MO)l, Jl


MO)l, Jl)l,aH 51 wy x, KypHHH6 TypH6)l, H, 6Hp 3aH Hp u,HKJl TyrawH 6HJlaHOl\ PP (y3H HYH)l,a PM)l,aH yTraH pHcKJl p 3Ba3Hra) Kei1 rrH 3aH Hp u,HKJlH)l,a PMra ai1Jl HH6 l\OJl wH MyMKHH. Hp 3aH Hp u,HKJlH)l, H HaB6aT)l,arH 3aH Hp u, Jl yTHw apaeHH)l, rH 6yH)l, i1 ai1Jl HHwJl “PM” – “PP” – “PM” – "PP” KypHHHwH)l, H cXeMara acOcJl aH “ca6a6 Ol\ ca6a6 Ol\ ” cpaJlcacpHi1 TOHcp (KaTerOpH51) 6yi1 y3apO 6OFJlHl\JlHK Ba TabcHp l\ HyHH51 HcpO)l,aJl i1)l, . eMaK, 6yH)l, i1 l\ yHH51 pHcKJl HH Tapl\ Jl x,aM)l,a y3apO TabcHpH Ba 6Ox,JlHl\Jl HH KypcaTyBYH Ta6HHi1 x,OJlaT)l, .
K, YHJl HOaHHl\Jl K x,OJlJl Hr KOHKpeT wapOHTJl )l, PM Ba PP pOJlJl KeTMa KeT aJl awTHpHwJl MyMKHHJl rH ai1THJlraHJl H Tac)l,Hl\Jl ra acOc 6yJla)l, .
IOl\OpH)l, KeJlTHpHJlraH pHcKJl HH 6Hp Bal\THHHr y3H)l,a cyFypTaJl oKHHH KaMai1 HJl 6Owl\ HwHHHr 51 rH ycyJlH 6yJl , MyaJlJlHcp TOMOHH)l,aH yHHHr TH3HMJl eH)l,awyBHra acOcJlaHH6 TaKJlHcp l\HJlHHraH MOJlH51 6O3OpH HH)l, cTpH51 cHcpaTHHH KOMnJl c 6Owl\ Hw TH3HMHHH PM Ba PP cpaOJlH51 H apaeHHra KHpHTHJlHwH x,H3MaT l\ JlHwH MyMKHH.
TabKH)l,Jl OH3KH, 6ab3H x,OJlJl )l, ol\ pH )l, OMa)l, OJl x,apaKaTH)l, i1yJl l\yi1HJl aH H)l,pOKJl pHcKJl ypHHJl 6yJl H MyMKHH. Jl HH 6yH)l, i1 x, aKaT TapKH6H)l, pHcKJl HHHr )l, pa acH ol\OpHJl a l\OJl BepHwHHH x,ap )l, M 3c)l, TyTHw Jl . 51 wyHH x,aM 6HJlHw KepaKKH, arap l\ YH pHcKa MOi1 Jl 6yJl aca (51 H x,apaKaTJl H)l, Mebep )l, HpacH)l, pHcKcH3Jl Jl )l, ra pHO51 l\HJl a), yH)l, OJl wH MyMKHH 6yJlraH )l,apOMa)l, MHl\)l,OpH x,aM wyHra MOc paBHw)l,a KaMpOl\ 6yJla)l,H.
3cJlaTHw OH3KH, arap KHM)l, pHcKJl HHHr TypJl x,aM)l,a yJl HH TacHHcp Ba TaBcHcpH 6HJl H, x,apaKaTJl p pHcKcH3JlHJlHrHHH 6ax,OJl Ba OnTHMH3au,H51JlawTHpHw MeTO)l,Jl H Ba MO)l,eJlJlapHra, pHcKJlapHH nacai1THpHw Ba 6Owl\ Hw 6HJl 6OFJlHl\ aMaJlHi1 KypcaTMa Ba TaKJl cpJl a l\H3Hl\ , yH)l,a MyaJlJl cp TOMOHH)l, YOn 3THJlraH TerHwJl HJl Hi1 HwJlap)l, KeJl pHJlraH MaTepHaJlJlap)l, cpOi1)l,aJlaHHwH MyMKHH.
PHcKJl H KpHTepHaJl 6ax,OJl )l, KeJl aK x,O)l,HcaJl TyFpHcH)l, HHcp pMau,H51 KaTTa ax,aMH51 3ra. yH)l, i1 HHcpOpMau,H51 x,ap )l,OHM y3H)l, MabJl M 6Hp HOaHHl\JlHKHH My accaMJl wTHpa)l,HKH, y acOcaH 6O3Op x,O)l,HcaJl Ba Hl\ cO)l, cy6beKTJl HHHr x,aTTH x,apaKaTJl HH OJl)l, )l, 51l\l\ Jl, aHHl\, TyFpH Ba TyJlHl\ HcpO)l, Jl 6 6yJl i1)l,H.
VIHcpOpMau,H51HH aHHl\JlHrH Ba TyFpHJl H yHHHr TyJlHl\Jl )l, pa acH 6HJl H 6eJlrHJl Ha)l,H.
VIHcpOpMau,H51 TyJlHl\Jl rHHHHr yY )l, pa acHHH KypcaTHw MyMKHH: TyJl aHHl\ ()l, TepMHHHpJl wraH), cTOXacTHK (6yJl MyMKHH cTOXacTHK aHHl\ Ba cTOXacTHK HOaHHl\), TyJlHl\ 6yJl araH )l, a)l, .
eTepMHHHpJl wraH (MabJl M Bal\T )l, BpH)l,a aHHl\) HHcpOpMau,H51 MebepHi1 (HOpMaTHB) MabJl MOTJl p KHpa)l,H, 6Owl\ Typ)l,arHJl pHHH (OJl)l,HH)l, H 6epHJlraHJlapHHH) 3ca yJl HHHr MaH6acH)l, rH yHYaJl K KaTTa 6yJl araH (l\OHHl\apJl )l,apa a)l, ) MeTO)l, x,aTOJlHKJlap 3Ba3Hra wapTJl aHHl\ )l, l\ Jl l\ Jl MyMKHH.
CTOXacTHK HHcp pMau, 51ra 3x,THMOJlHi1 Tal\ JlaHHwJlH MO)l,eJlJl a acOcJl aH x,HcO6JlawJlap Tap3)l, OJl )l, H MabJl MOTJl p KHpa)l,H. yH)l,ai1 HHcp Mau,H51 6ex,OcTa (3x,THMOJlHi1) cO)l, 6yJl )l, H x,O)l,HcaJl ( apaeHJl ) 6HJl 6eJl JlaHa)l, . Y3 HaB6aTH)l, , cTOXacTHK HHcpOpMau, 51 HKKH Typ)l,a 6yJl MyMKHH: cTOXacTHK aHHl\, cTOXacTHK HOaHHl\.

Download 1,75 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   67   68   69   70   71   72   73   74   ...   132




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©hozir.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling

kiriting | ro'yxatdan o'tish
    Bosh sahifa
юртда тантана
Боғда битган
Бугун юртда
Эшитганлар жилманглар
Эшитмадим деманглар
битган бодомлар
Yangiariq tumani
qitish marakazi
Raqamli texnologiyalar
ilishida muhokamadan
tasdiqqa tavsiya
tavsiya etilgan
iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
asarlaringizni yuboring
o'zingizning asarlaringizni
Iltimos faqat
faqat o'zingizning
steierm rkischen
landesregierung fachabteilung
rkischen landesregierung
hamshira loyihasi
loyihasi mavsum
faolyatining oqibatlari
asosiy adabiyotlar
fakulteti ahborot
ahborot havfsizligi
havfsizligi kafedrasi
fanidan bo’yicha
fakulteti iqtisodiyot
boshqaruv fakulteti
chiqarishda boshqaruv
ishlab chiqarishda
iqtisodiyot fakultet
multiservis tarmoqlari
fanidan asosiy
Uzbek fanidan
mavzulari potok
asosidagi multiservis
'aliyyil a'ziym
billahil 'aliyyil
illaa billahil
quvvata illaa
falah' deganida
Kompyuter savodxonligi
bo’yicha mustaqil
'alal falah'
Hayya 'alal
'alas soloh
Hayya 'alas
mavsum boyicha


yuklab olish