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ANNOTATION
From the first years of independence o f our country a lot of attention
has been paid to current issues along objectives for the protection of
citizens from different types of natural and man-made emergencies.
This period o f development o f society distinguished by the
growth o f confrontations between humanity and the surrounding
natural environment, as well as emergency situations. Throughout
the centuries, and increase the number o f man-made accidents
(catastrophe). Large number o f them and the consequences also occur
in the twentieth century, especially in the second half of it. In some
countries, industrial and military nuclear complex, chemical industry,
space objects observed major accidents, bringing huge financial
losses, killed thousands of people, millions o f people were injured.
In our present age, where continually evolving science, technology
and production tasks for the protection of the population, territory,
material and moral values o f the various emergency situations that
may arise as a result of interactions in the system, “Nature-Society-
Man” remain relevant.
Objectives o f “Civil Protection”, which operated in our country
prior to independence, included mainly the protection of population
and territories from emergency situations, primarily from the effects
of weapons of mass destruction that occur in the period of hostilities.
But the life o f mankind continually threaten not only weapons of mass
destruction and other agents used in military conflicts, but also natural
disasters, environmental issues, crash, resulting in the production,
industry, transport. It is enough to recall the number o f fatalities,
health lost, became homeless people in the world over the last 20-30
years o f the last century.
Proceeding from the above, by the leadership of our country
scale civil defense tasks are defined not only on the border war, but
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in a number of its main tasks introduced prevention and prediction
o f accidents, derailments and natural disasters, learning the correct
movement of the population at different periods of natural and
manmade disasters. Under such conditions are of great importance
perfect structure o f civil protection, constant readiness of state
authorities with special powers in this area, the structures of civil
protection at the facilities of the national economy.
Protecting the public from extreme events of different nature is
one o f the main tasks of the leaders of all the objects, organizations
and institutions, as specified in Article 11 of the Law “On protection
o f population and territories from emergency situations o f natural
and man-made, pre-database should be ready to conduct evacuation
measures and location o f people in a prescribed manner. For this
reason, at the present time on the basis of the scale of the emergency,
one of the main methods o f the population is considered to export
hazardous areas, ie evacuation measures. Master the essence of
displacement, movement rules, forms and methods o f organizations
to move, their system and order activities, tasks to ensure the living
conditions of the displaced population in the casualty areas is of
great importance in the future activities of the doctors.
Medical Service o f Civil Protection is a special union in the health
system, designed to ensure the health of the affected population from
the effects of weapons of mass destruction and natural disasters,
major accidents and derailments.
Tutorial “Civil Protectionand Medical Service of Civil Protection”
prepared to acquaint students o f higher medical institutions with
the tasks o f civil protection for the organization of medical care
in emergency situations of natural and technogenic character in
peacetime as well as in the casualty foci in wartime. This tutorial is
made in accordance with the model program on the subject of “Civil
Protection and Medical Service o f Civil Protection.”
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This tutorial covered extensively on the role and tasks of civil
protection to date, protection o f the population in emergency situations,
the principles of protection o f the population, measures to evacuate
people with emergencies, the organization and the first medical aid in
the infected foci, the organizational structure of the medical service of
civil protection, the foundations of medical and evacuation support of
the population, the organization of qualified and specialized medical
care, health maintenance organization population in liquidation
negative consequences of natural disasters and accidents, epidemic
control measures o f bacteriological (biological) contaminated sites.
In addition, the application o f this tutorial provides information
about modern devices of radiation, chemical and bacteriological
investigation, their structure and characteristics.
The authors hope that this textbook will help students to medical
schools inunderstanding o f the subject. Comments and suggestions
will be accepted with gratitude by the authors.
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