Учебное пособие в систематизированном виде содержит необходимые для изучения курса лексикологии английского языка вспомогательные материалы: планы семинаров, определения основных понятий и терминов на английском и русском языках, темы курсовых

Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Discussion

1. 
   Neologisms.
   
2. 
   Nonce words (occasional words).
   
3. 
   Transnomination. Politically correct vocabulary.
   
4. 
   Archaisms, obsolete words and historicisms.
   
5. 
   Changes and fluctuations in pronunciation, spelling.
   

Terminology
Neologism proper [ni'olo^iz(o)m] is a new lexical unit which is introduced into a language to denote a new object of phenomenon, e.g. e-book, ecotourism, to google, cohousing.
Transnomination is the process which takes place in those cases when a new name is introduced for a thing or notion that continues to exist. In other words, a new lexical unit can develop in the language to denote an object or phenomenon, which already has some lexical unit to name it, e.g. the word slum was first substituted by the word ghetto, then by the word-groups inner-town and substandard housing.
Politically correct vocabulary is the vocabulary reflecting the social ten­dency to advocating the equality if all regardless of their age, race, gender, physi­cal and mental condition, e.g. short > vertically challenged, fat > horizontally challenged, pets > animal companions, policeman > policeperson, chairman > chairperson, garbage collector > sanitation engineer.
Euphemism is the substitution of a mild, pleasant, inoffensive term for a harsh, indelicate or obscene word. For example, a mad person may be described as insane, mentally unstable, not (quite) right, off one's head (coll.), wrong in the upper store, cuckoo (si.), not all there (coll.).
Archaism [a:'keiiz(g)m] / ['a:keiiz(o)m] is a word that was once common but now is replaced by a synonym or synonyms. An archaic word remains in the language, but they mostly belong to the poetic style, e.g. woe (sorrow), Ye Olde Tea Shoppe or The Publick Theare, Olde Musick, troth (=faith); a losel (=a worthless, lazy fellow).