Education of the republic of uzbekistan national university of uzbekistan named after mirzo



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kháo 
châwp 
sàp-pà-rót 
he 
likes 
pineapples 


Incorporating languages 
Incorporating languages are considered to be a unique type. Feature of this 
type of languages illustrated in the fact that a sentence is constructed as a complex 
word, that is, root words are combined into one general whole, which has a form 
of a word and a sentence at the same time. The whole is a sentence word, where 
the beginning is the subject, the end is the predicate, and the objects are 
incorporated in the middle with their definitions and circumstances. The main 
way to express grammatical relationships in them is incorporation. Incorporated 
languages include Paleo-Asian,
Chukchi-Kamchatka languages, languages 
Indians of North America and some other languages. For example, in the Chukchi 
language sentence 
t-i-kaa-nm-at-i-rkin (I am killing the deer)
consists of two 
roots (-
kaa-
deer and -
nm-
kill), two connective vowels -
i-
, first person singular 
t-
and suffixes -at- (suffix of verb action) and 
-rkin 
(verb suffix of the present 
tense). Literally this sentence can be translated as 
my deer killing: I + deer + kill 
+ now

It should be noted that sometimes incorporating languages may have 
agglutinative and inflectional features too. Chukchi language as incorporative 
language is accompanied by agglutinative prefixation as well. They come closer 
to agglutinating according to the principle of combining morphemes, and with 
flexing – by the presence of internal inflection. Many languages are intermediate 
in morphological classification scale, combining signs of different types, for 
example, the languages of Oceania are characterized as amorphous-agglutinative. 

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