C++ Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic: Preface

•

Sonar target recognition. Neural nets using backpropagation have been used to identify different

types of targets using the frequency signature (with a Fast Fourier transform) of the reflected signal.

•

Car navigation. Pomerleau developed a neural network that is able to navigate a car based on

images obtained from a camera mounted on the car’s roof, and a range finder that coded distances in

grayscale. The 30×32 pixel image and the 8×32 range finder image were fed into a hidden layer of

size 29 feeding an output layer of 45 neurons. The output neurons were arranged in a straight line

with each side representing a turn to a particular direction (right or left), while the center neurons

represented “drive straight ahead.” After 1200 road images were trained on the network, the neural

network driver was able to negotiate a part of the Carnegie−Mellon campus at a speed of about 3

miles per hour, limited only by the speed of the real−time calculations done on a trained network in

the Sun−3 computer in the car.