Tax cuts are ex-
pected to stimu-
late consumption
and investment
The government's 2019 budget, which the cabinet approved in November
2018, projects a significant tax cuts which took effect in January 2019 that are
expected to boost consumption and investment.
22
A reduction in the maximum
21
Ravallion M. (2001, Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Looking Beyond Averages, Policy Research Working Pa-
per #2558, World Bank, Washington, DC.) found that a 1 percent increase in average household income or con-
sumption will cause the poverty rate to decline by between 0.6 and 4.3 percent, depending on inequality. World
Bank (2005, Pro-Poor Growth in the 90s: Lessons and Insights from 14 Countries. Washington, DC) found that
in countries that experienced economic growth between 1990 and 2003, a 1 percent increase in GDP per capita re-
duced the poverty headcount rate by an average of 1.7 percent.
22
On October 30, 2018, the President announced that in 2019 Uzbekistan would continue its policy of raising wages,
pensions and benefits at a rate no lower than inflation. He indicated his administration’s plans to raise the pay of social
workers in 2019, including raising the salaries of medical workers by 26.5 percent and employees of institutions of
higher education and science by 150 percent. Furthermore, spending on social benefits is set to rise by 20 percent and
the share of wages and payments in the State budget will increase from 49 percent to 54 percent.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
Percent
Small business, % of GDP
GDP per capita, US$, lhs
National poverty rate, % of population, rhs
GDP per capita, US$
12|
personal income tax rate and the abolition of the 8 percent employee contribu-
tion to Pension Fund will boost household income. Because of lower corporate
property tax rates and corporate income tax rates, the single tax payment for
small firms, and payroll taxes, an additional 2 trillion som are projected to re-
main at the disposal of entrepreneurs. Lower labor taxes are likely to increase
formalization of jobs. With the fiscal revenue loss in mind, the government is
taking measures to reduce the budget deficit and increase revenues in 2019. In
particular, the implementation of systematic work on the legalization of the
number of employees and wages. Future tax reform will also need to address
the fiscal risk of an eventual decline in revenue collections from SOEs; with
SOEs beginning to lose long-standing tax privileges and their profitability fall-
ing, tax revenue collection from SOEs will be put under increasing pressure.
The government's tax reform could lead to an expansion of the tax base. In ad-
dition, rates for value added tax (and other indirect taxes)—the government's
largest revenue source—remain unchanged.
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