With cd it collins

resign (resigns, resigning, resigned) VERB If you resign from a job or position, you formally announce that you are leaving it. ■ A hospital administrator has resigned over claims he lied to get the job. ■ Mr Robb resigned his position last month.

09

Practice exercises

Listen to the radio programmes. Match the programmes with speakers 1-5 and write a-e in the spaces below.

Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5 a Current affairs programme b sporting event
c classical music concert
d poetry recital
e radio drama

10

Listen to another five speakers (1-5) describing their interests. Indicate each speaker’s interest a-e and form of involvement i-iii in the table below.

interest
involvement

a student magazine b contemporary art c debating society
d classical music

1. 
   observer/spectator
   
2. 
   participant
   
3. 
   organizer
   

e radio broadcasting
interest involvement
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
Exam tip: Some words in English are more formal or more appropriate for formal writing.
Other words in English are less formal or more appropriate for speaking.
Avoid slang expressions, for example: Creative writing is really cool.
Avoid very formal expressions or words which are more appropriate for writing, for example: Mv aforementioned interest in creative writing lasted for six months..

3. 
   Match the more formal verbs a-e with their less formal equivalents i-v.
   

1. 
   
   a attend
   take part in
   

ii set up
b observe



c participate d assemble

3. 
   put together
   
4. 
   go to
   

v watch

Q⁴
10
e establish
Listen again to Track 10 on the CD. Indicate which of the verbs above each speaker uses by writing a letter a-e or a number i-v in the spaces below.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker A
Speaker 5
Exam tip: In the IELTS Speaking exam you can improve your mark by pronouncing sounds correctly.
In English, the same letter can often be pronounced in different ways, for example the letter ‘s' can sound like /s/ or /z/.
‘S’ sounds like /s/ when it is: • at the start of a word, e.g. some

• 
  doubled, e.g. kissed
  
• 
  at the start of a consonant cluster, e.g. estate
  
• 
  after a voiceless sound like /k/, /p/ or /t/, e.g. talks
  

‘S’ sounds like /z/ when it: • comes after a vowel

• 
  comes after a voiced sound like /b/, /d/, /1/, /m/, /n/, /v/ or /r/, e.g. leads, birds, homes, cars
  

Z"\ 5 Listen to the words 1-9 below. Indicate whether the ‘s' sounds like Isl or /z/. Practise * saying them.

1. 
   affairs
   
2. 
   assemble
   
3. 
   broadcast
   

4. 
   classical
   
5. 
   establish
   
6. 
   observe
   

7. 
   orchestra
   
8. 
   advise
   
9. 
   resign
   

6. 
   Write down five of your own interests. Check their pronunciation. Practise saying them out loud.
   

Exam practice: Speaking Part 1

12

13
In Part 1 of the IELTS Speaking exam you have to answer questions about everyday topics and common experiences.
For this practice exercise , listen to the recorded questions and sampie answers.
When you are ready, listen to the questions again and give your own answers, using 2-3 sentences for each one. Pause the recording between each question to allow yourself time to answer.

8. 
   Global warming
   

Verbs for natural processes I Verbs and adjectives associated with scientific study I Nouns associated with climate I Recognizing antonyms



Vocabulary
Natural processes:

• 
  condense (condenses, condensing, condensed)
  

VERB When a gas or vapour condenses, or is condensed, it changes into a liquid.

• 
  [+ to-inf] Water vapour condenses to form clouds. ■ [+ into] The compressed gas is cooled and condenses into a liquid. ■ [+ out of] As the air rises it becomes colder and moisture condenses out of it.
  

• 
  contract (contracts, contracting, contracted)
  

VERB When something contracts or when something contracts it, it becomes smaller or shorter. ■ Blood is only expelled from the heart when it contracts. ■ New research shows that an excess of meat and salt can contract muscles.

• 
  expand (expands, expanding, expanded) VERB If something expands or is expanded, it becomes larger. ■ Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as expected.
  

• 
  The money supply expanded by 14.6 per cent in the year to September. ■ [V-ing] a rapidly expanding universe
  

• 
  flow (flows, flowing, flowed)
  

VERB If a liquid, gas, or electrical current flows somewhere, it moves there steadily and continuously. ■ [+ into] A stream flowed into the valley. ■ [+ into] The current flows into electric motors that drive the wheels.
Verbs associated with scientific study:

• 
  estimate (estimates, estimating, estimated) (also overestimate, underestimate)
  

VERB If you estimate a quantity or value, you make an approximate judgment or

calculation of it. ■ [+ that] The Academy of Sciences currently estimates that there are approximately one million plant varieties in the world. ■ He estimated the speed of the winds from the degree of damage.

•