When and if sentences

When and if sentences.


When va if bog’lovchili gaplar.
.
When va if qatnashgan gaplar qo’shma gap bo’lib, bosh va ergash gapdan tashkil topadi. When va if bog’lovchilari ko’pincha ergash gap tarkibida keladi. Ingliz tilida zamonlar moslashuviga k’ora bunday qoshma gaplarning bosh gapi kelasi noaniq zamonda kelsa, ergash gaplar esa hozirgi noaniq zamonda bo’ladi.

M: I shall phone you when I get home from work.

Men ishdan kelgach, senga qo’ng’iroq qilaman.
Bosh gap bilan ergash gapning o’rni o’zgargani bilan gapning ma’nosi ozgarmaydi..

M: When I get home from work, I shall phone you.

If weather is fine, we shall go to the picnic.
We shall go to the picnic, if weather is fine.
Agar ob-havo yahshi bo’lsa, biz dam olishga chiqamiz.
When the rain stops, we shall go out.
We shall go out, when the rain stops
Huddi shunday holatni while, after, before, until, till, as soon as kabi bog’lovchili qo’shma gaplarda ham kuzatamiz.

M: Can you look after the children, while I am out ?

Men ketganimda, bolalarga qarab tura olmausizmi?
Wait here until I come back.
Men kelgungacha shu yerda kutib turing.

Bundan tashqari when, after, until bog’lovchili qo’shma gaplarda kelasi noaniq zamon bilan hozirgi tugallangan zamon ham moslashadi.

M; I shall come, as soon as I finish my works.

Ishlarimni tugatgach men kelaman.
I shall come as soon as I have finished my works.
It is raining. We shall get wet if we go out.
Yomg’ir yog’ayapti. Agar tashqariga chiqsak nam o’tib ketadi.

Bu gapda nam otib ketadi bosh gap bo‘lib ingliz tilida kelasi noaniq zamonda ifodalangan, agar tashqariga chiqsak esa ergash gap bo’lib hozirgi noaniq zamonda ifodalangan.

Lekin gapda when yoki if ishlatishda juda ehtiyot bo’lishimiz kerak.

When bog’lovchisi voqea yoki hodisa sodir bo’lishiga aniq ishonch bo’lganda qo’llaniladi.

I am going shopping this afternoon.

When I go shopping, I shall buy some food.
Men bugun tushdan keyin magazinga bormoqchiman. Magazinga borsam oziq-ovqat sotib olaman.
“If” esa voqeaning sodir bo’lishiga ishonch kam bo’lganda ishlatiladi.
M: I might go shopping this afternoon if I go shopping I shall buy some food.
Ehtimol tushdan keyin magazinga boraman. Agar borsam oziq-ovqat sotib olaman.
When mother comes we shall have supper.
Onam kelgach ovqatlanamiz.
Bu gapda onaning ishdan kelishi aniq, shuning uchun when qo’llaniladi.

If it rains this evening. I won’t go out.

Kechqurun agar yomg’ir yog’sa, biz hech qayerga ketmaymiz.
Bu gapda yomg’ir ehtimol yog’ar, ehtimol yog’mas. Aniq bo’lmaganligi uchun ham if ishlatildi.

Don’t worry, if I am late tonight.

Agar bugun kechqurun kech qolsam tashvish tortmang.
Bu gapda ham uning kech kelishi aniq emas.

Mashq.

1. I’m going to Paris next week. When I’m there , I hope to visit a friend of mine.
2. Tom might phone this evening. If he does, can you take a message?
3. I think he will get the job. I’ll be very surprised, if he doesn’t get it.
4. I hope to be there by 10.30. But if I’m not there, don’t wait for me.
5. I’m going shopping. If you want anything, I can get it for you.
6. I think I shall go home now. I’m feeling very tired. I think I shall go straight to bed when I get home.
7. I’m going home for a few days I shall phone you when I get back.
8. I want you to come to the party but if you don’t want to come, you needn’t.

When qatnashgan qoshma gaplarda zamonlar quyidagicha moslashadi.

Ergash gapda otgan noaniq , bosh gapda otgan davomli zamon moalashadi.

M; I was cooking dinner, when you came.
Sen kelganda men ovqat pishirayotgan edim.

It was raining heavily, when I came.

Men kelganda yomgir qattiq yogayotgan edi.

I was watching TV when you phoned.

Sen telefon qilganda men televizor tomosha qilayotgan edim.
2 Ergash gapda o’tgan noaniq bosh gapda o’tgan tugallangan zamon moalashadi.

M; I had already cleaned my room when you came.

Sen kelganda men allaqachon xonamni tozalab bo’lgan edim.

He had already gone when they came .

Ular kelganda y allaqachon ketgan edi.

I had just come when you phoned .

Sen telefon qilganingda men endi kelgan edim.

3 Ergash gapda o’tgan noaniq bosh gapda o’tgan tugallangan davomli zamon moslashadi.

M; When I came , he had been waiting for me since morning.

Men kelganda u meni ertalabdan kutib o’tirgan ekan.

When we arrived they had been working for a long time.

Biz etib borganda ular anchadan beri ishlashayotgan ekanlar.

They had been playing football for 2 hours when I came.

Men borganimda ular 2 soatdan beri futbol o’ynashayotgan ekanlar.

4 Ergash gapda Hozirgi noaniqzamon bosh gapda kelasi davomli zamon moslashadi.

M; I shall be working when you come.

Siz kelganda men ishlayotgan bo’laman.

I shall be watching a film when they come.

Ular kelganda men film ko’rayotgan bo’laman.

5 Ergash gapda hozirgi noaniq zamon bosh gapda kelasi tugallangan zamon moslashadi.

M; When you come I shall have done all my work .

Sen kelganda men hamma ishlarni bajarib bo’lgan bo’laman

When they come , we shall have already gone .

Ular kelganlarida biz allaqachon ketgan bo’lamiz.

Adabiyotlar

1. 
   Грамматика английского языка. Качалова.
   
2. 
   English grammar. R.Murphy.
   
3. 
   English grammar. Bo’ronov.