participle)
can 20-22,25
can/could and be able to 22
can't (cannot) in negative
conclusions 23C
can in permission 25A/B
in offers 25C
can in reporting 49
care
for 36C,
care about 76D, 113A
take care of 76D
(to) 87A
careless (of someone to)
case
which case
catch
was caught +-ing 31A
catch someone + -ing
something for someone 42A
cause (someone to) 37A
cease
38A
certain
certain that/to)
check
+
40A
someone) that 44E
choose
choose +
40A
choose whether 40D
choose something for someone
42A
church (a/the/zero article) 61B
(the/zero article) 61B
claim (verb)
rt
claimed that 32A
that/to 47C
claim (noun) (that/to) 43D
close to 106C
coincide
other) 76E
collaborate
other) 76E
collect (something for someone)
42D
college
article)
come
come to be + past participle 31B
come tol-ing 38B
come (linking verb) 26
command
command someone to 37A, 47A
command someone that 48C
comment (noun)
43D
communicate (with each other) 76E
compare (something with) 36C
compel (someone to) 47A
331
Index
compete (with each other) 76E
complain
complain (that) 44B
complain (to someone) that 44E
complement (each other) 76E
compound nouns 54-55
conceivably
may/might/could conceivably
20D, 21C
concerned
concerned about/with 86A
concerned that/to
conclusion (that) 43D
conditional sentences 99-101
verb tenses in conditionals 99
to 100A
(=
do)
100B, 119D
(=
to) 100B,
119D
done (=
not done)
100B,
if it was/were not for 100C
100D
to 100E
100E
happen to
unless
whether
provided/providing that
supposing (that) 101E
as/so
as
confess
confess something to someone 42D
confess to someone 44E
confide (that) 44B
confident (that)
confirm
confirm (with someone) that 44E
consent (to)
consequence
as a consequence 103
in consequence
consequently 103
consider
consider being + past participle
31A
was considered to 3
considered that 32A
consider someone to 37A
consider + -ing 38A, 39C
consider +
40A
consider whether 40D,
consider that/something to be 44C
/ consider it essential (etc.) 87D
constantly
constantly with present continuous
2C
contend (with) 36C
continue
continue to be + past participle
31B
continue
38A
continue +
332
continually
continually with present
continuous 2C
contrast
other) 76E
convince (someone that) 44D
cook (something for someone) 42A
co-operate
other) 76E
cost (someone a fortune, etc.) 42C
could 20-22,25
could well 20D,21C
could have + past participle 21
could be +-ing 21B
could/can and
to 22
couldn't in negative conclusions
23C
in permission
could in offers 25C
could in reporting 49
crazy (to)
crucial
crucial that) 48E
culminate
36C
curious (to)
currently (with the present
continuous)
deal (a great deal of) 64B
debate (verb)
debate +
40A
debate whether 40D
debate (noun)
debate as to whether 101D
decide
it was decided that/to 32A
decide to 37B
decide +
40A
decide whether 40D
decision (that/to) 43D
declare
it was declared that 32A
declare that/something to be 44C
decline (to) 38A
delay
delay being +
participle 31A
delay +-ing 38A, 39C
delighted (that/to) 87A
demand (verb)
demand to
47B
demand (of someone) that 44E,
48C
demand that/to 47C
demonstrate (something to someone)
29B, 42D
deny
being + past participle
+-ing 38A,
46D
someone something 42C
ftfejfj 44B
describe
describe something to someone
29B, 42D
describe being + past participle
31A
deserve (+ -ing) 39C
despite
despite and
spite of 98C
determine
determine +
40A
determine whether 40D
detest
detest + -ing 38A
detest (someone) + -ing 39B
detest someone +
and detest
someone's +
39E
difficult (to) 87A
direct (that) 48B/C
disagree
disagree (with someone) that 44E
disagree with each other 76E
disappointed (that/to)
disapprove of
disapprove of someone +
and
disapprove of someone's +
39E
discover
it was discovered that 32A
discover someone + -ing 39A
discover +
40A
discuss
discuss + wh-dause 40A
discuss whether 40D
101D
discussion (as to whether) 101D
dislike
dislike (someone) +-ing 31A, 39B
dislike (someone) + -ing and
dislike someone's + -ing 39E
do
+ noun and make + noun 28
do +-ing (do the ironing etc.) 28B
do
76D
so 79
(noun)
to whether) 101D
dread
dread (someone) + -ing 31A, 38A,
due to
due to and owing to 96C
during
during which time
during
in 108A
during
108B
during and
(of) 52A, 69
and
66
rter 76E
easy (to)
easy for someone to 87D
either
either of 52A
52C
embrace (each other) 76E
enable (someone to)
encourage
encourage someone to 37A, 47A
encourage +
and encourage
someone to 38A
Index
encouragement (to) 43D
enjoy (+ -ing) 39C
enjoy being + past participle
enough
enquire
enquire about and ask about
enquire after
ask after
enquire into
entitle (someone to) 37A
envisage
envisage (someone) +
39B
envisage someone + -ing and
envisage someone's + -ing 39E
envy (someone something) 42C
escape (+ -ing) 39C
essential
it is essential that 48E
essential for someone to
establish (+
40A
estimate (it is estimated that) 32A
even
even and
93C
even though and
98B
even though 103
so 103
even though
even so 103
ever
with present perfect and past
simple 5D
every 52A
every and each (of) 66
every and all 66C
everyone (everything etc.) 52A
everyone and anyone 66D
except (/or)
except and except for
except (for) and besides 109B
and to 109C
and fcwt
excited
excited and exciting 85C
expect (to)
expect
expect (to) with past perfect 9C
expected to
it is expected that 32A
expect
to be 44C
expect that/to 47C
/ expect so (etc.) 78
explain
explain +
40A
explain something to someone
29B, 42D
explain (to someone) that 44E
explanation
43D
39C
other 76E
(to)
38A
feel
to
that 32A
/ee/ something + bare infinitive
37E
something + -ing 39A
something +
infinitive
someone + past participle 41E
feel that/something to be 44C
/ feel it essential (etc.) 87D
fetch (something for someone) 42A
(of) 69
few (of) and a
68
as few as 89C
fewer
fewer than and /ess than 68C
wo fewer than 68C
fight
76E
find
was found + -ing
it was found that 32A
find someone + -ing
find out + wh-dause 40A
find something for someone 42A
find that/something to be 44C
find it awful (etc.) 87D
finish
38A, 39C
for (time)
for with present perfect and past
simple 5A
for and during 108C
for (reason) 96B/D
for (purpose) 97C
forbid (it was forbidden to) 32A
force (someone to) 37A
forecast (noun) (that) 43D
forever (with present continuous) 2C
forget (+ -ing) 39C
forget (someone) +-ing
forget someone + -ing and forget
someone's + -ing 39E
forget
40A
forgive (someone something) 42C
(to) 87A
frightened
frightened and frightening 85C
furthermore
future 11-16
going to
12
present continuous for the future
12
11
present simple for the future 13
future continuous 14
be to + infinitive 15
future perfect 15
future perfect continuous 15
future seen from the past 16
future continuous (I will be doing)
14
future continuous and present
continuous for the future 14B
future continuous and will 14C,
14D
future perfect
will have done) 15C
future perfect continuous (/ will have
been doing) 15D
gather
so I gather (etc.) 78E
/ gather with present simple 2D
get
get (linking verb) 26C
get + broken/dressed etc. 26C
down 29C
get something back 29C
get something done 41
get up/hot/tired 76C
give
give with the passive 29B
give someone something and give
something to someone 42A
glad
glad for/of 86A
glad that/to 87A
go (linking verb) 26
go + off/dead/missing etc. 26D
go on to/-iwg38B
going to 11,12, 13B
going to and will
going to and will in if-sentences
11D
going to and present continuous
for the future 12
going to and future continuous
14D
87A
good and well 84E
good about/at/for/to/with 86A
greedy (of someone to) 87D
grow (linking verb) 26
grumble (that) 44B
guarantee
guarantee someone something 42C
guarantee to 47B
guarantee that/to 47C
guarantee (noun) (that) 43D
guess
guess + wh-dause 40A
I guess so (etc.) 78
had
had... in conditionals (e.g. Had
Alex asked...) 100B, 119D
done in conditionals
100B
had better 17C
had to (in reporting) 49
hand (verb)
hand with the passive 29B
hand someone something and
hand something to someone
42A
happen
if...happen to 100E
happen to 100E
333
Index
happy (that/to)
(to) 87A
hard for someone to
hardly
hardly with
't 20C
hardly with need 24E
hardly with past perfect 94C
inversion after hardly 120A
hate
hate (someone) +-ing
39B
hate (someone) to
37C
fcate someone + -ing and fcate
someone's + -ing
have 27
fctfi/e someone + bare infinitive
37E
fcwe
to and must 23
fcare to and have got to 23E
don't have to and needn't/mustn't
24
have and have got 27A
(noun) and tafee (noun)
27B
have something done 41
having + past participle clauses
(Having driven..., etc.) 75
hear
I hear with present simple 2D
was heard +-ing...
hear someone + bare infinitive
hear tell
hear someone + -ing 39A
hear someone + -ing/bare infinitive
hear someone + past participle
41E
hear about 76D, 112A
so hear (etc.) 78E
fowo/ 112A
from 112A
help
fce/p (someone) to/bare infinitive
37C
help each other 76E
hence 103
hesitate (to) 38A
hope
hope to be + past participle 31B
it was hoped to 32A
to 37B, 38A
hope that/to 47C
so (etc.) 78
hospital
article)
how
how in questions 35
how in
40
how and
way 40C
fcow significant a role (etc.) 89B
how long...? (with present perfect
continuous) 7B
however
(to) 38A
334
if
if
simple 13C
be to
the future 15B
to 100A
if it was/were not for
conditionals 100D
in requests 100D
in polite requests 100D
to 100E
100E
if ...should happen to 100E
unless
imagine
imagine being + past participle
imagine (someone) + -ing 38A,
39B
imagine someone + -ing and
imagine someone's + -ing 39E
imagine +
40A
I imagine so (etc.) 78
imperative
imperative that) 48E
important
it is important that 48E
important for someone to 87D
impossible (to)
impossible for someone to 87D
in
+
(place) 104
(time) 107
in
during 108A
in addition 103
inasmuch as 96B
in case
in case
simple 13C
in any case 103
in which case 71C
in contrast 103
inclined (to)
indicate
indicate (to someone) that 44E
infinitive
be to + infinitive for the future
-ing and verb + to-infinitive 31
verb + to-infinitive: passive
it + passive verb + to-infinitive
32A/B
bare infinitive 37
verb + to-infinitive or bare
infinitive 37
verb + to-infinitive or -ing 38
verb + bare infinitive or -ing
leaving out to-infinitives 81
adjective +
and
adjective + to-infinitive 87
to-infinitive for purpose
saving to buy a new car etc.)
97C
inform
inform someone + wh- clause 40B
inform someone that 44D
may be + -ing
might be + -ing 21B
passive forms of verb + -ing and
verb + to-infinitive 31
verb + -ing: passive
could be + -ing
do + -ing (do the ironing etc.) 28B
verb + to-infinitive or -ing 38
verb + -ing 39
verb + bare infinitive or
-ing clauses in reporting statements
46D
-ing clauses 74B/C
-ing clauses with adverbial
meaning 75
+ -ing 102B
with/without + -ing 102C
what with +-ing 102C
97A/B, 103
inquire (see enquire)
(that) 47D, 48B/C
in spite of
in spite
and despite 98C
instead 103
was instructed to 31B
instruct someone + wh- clause 40B
instruct someone to 47A
instruct (someone) that 48C
instruction (to) 43D
intend
to 47E
intend that 48C
interest (someone in) 36C
that 96B
introduce (something to someone)
29B, 42D
inversion (Rarely had he
etc.)
119-120
invite (someone to) 37A, 47A
invitation (to) 43D
issue (of) 43D
it 116-117
it is clear why... (etc.)
it helps to... (etc.) 116C
it was agreed that... (etc.)
116D
it takes...
/ thought it a waste of money
to...(etc.) 117B
/ take as encouraging
117C
it's no (wonder etc.) and there's no
(doubt
117D
I hate that... (etc.) 117D •
it-clause
it + passive verb +
32A/B
it + passive verb + to-infinitive
32A/B
it + linking verb + adjective (it
became clear, etc.)
Index
focusing rt-clauses (It was Tom
that bought the car, etc.)
joke (with each other) 76E
just
just
continuous
just with past perfect 9D
keep
was kept + -ing
keep (linking verb) 26
kind (of someone to) 87D
kiss (each other) 76E
know
it is known that 32A
know + wh-dause 40A
know whether 40D
know and know about/of 111A
know about/of and learn about/of
111A
last
last (= most recent) with past
simple 5A
laugh (about/at) 112B
learn
learn +
40A
/earn about/of and know about/of
111A
learn about and know about
111A
leave
leave something + -ing 39A
leave something to/for someone
42B
lend
lend with the passive
lend something to 36C
lend someone something and lend
something to someone 42A
less
less than and fewer than 68C
no less than 68C
let
let in (water etc.) 29C
let out (a scream etc.) 29C
let someone + bare infinitive
slip
let go
like
(someone) + -ing 31A, 39B
(someone) to 37C
someone +
and
someone's + -ing
like and would like
(be likely) 20B
likewise 103
linking verbs (appear, be, become,
etc.) 26
linking verbs with adjectives
82A
+ linking verb + adjective (it
became clear..., etc.)
68-69
to/e (of) and
68A
as little as
inversion after little (Little did I
know.
120A
(to) 47E
for someone to
look
look (linking verb) 26
look after 76D
at 76D
each other 76E
lot
lot of 52A, 64C
of 64C
64B
love
love (someone) to
37C
(someone) + -ing
someone + -ing and /ore
someone's +-ing 39E
majority
majority of) 52A
make
rcwfee + noun and do + noun 28
make someone + bare infinitive
make believe
do
raafee something for someone 42A
manage (to) 38A
(of) 64,69
many (of) and much (of) 64B
many 64B
OT««y 64B
too many 64B
raa«;y
89C
marry (each other) 76E
may 20-21
well 20D, 21C
may have + past participle 21
may be
21B
in permission 25A
may in reporting 49
mean (to)
mean (to) with past perfect 9C
was meant to
raearc to/ -ing 38B
meanwhile
meet
other) 76E
mend (something for someone)
mention
mentioned that 32A
mention something to someone
29B, 42D, 44
mention (to someone) that 44B/E
mention + -ing 46D
might 20-21
might well 20D, 21C
might have +
participle 21
might be +-ing 21B
permission 25A
might in reporting 49
mind
not mind (someone) + -ing
A,
39B
miss
miss (someone) + -ing 38A, 39B
mistake (someone for) 36C
mix (with each other) 76E
modal verbs 17-25
in reporting 49
with do (I might do, etc.)
80C
moment
at the moment and in a moment
107A
more (in comparatives) 88A
moreover
most (in superlatives) 57C, 88A
64,69
much (of) 64
much (of) and many (of) 64B
as much 64B
so much 64B
too much 64B
not much and not many 68B
as much as 89C
(very) much + verb 92C
much as (much as enjoyed it...,
etc.) 98A
must 23
must and should/ought to
must and have got (to) 23
must have + past participle 23D
must in reporting 49
mustn't 24
't and needn
't have to
24
mustn't in reporting 49
106C
necessary
necessary that 48E
necessary for someone to
need 24
(someone) to
need (something) done 41D
need to 24
needn't and mustn't/don't have to
24
needn't
don't need to 24C
didn't need to (or didn't have to)
and rceeJ
24D
neither
neither of 52A
52C
neither (of) and fcoffc
65E
inversion after neither
could he see, etc.) 120B
never
with present perfect and past
simple 5D
never
can't couldn't 20C
with
to 23E
never in negative questions 34C
335
Index
inversion after never (before)
120A
nevertheless 103
(to) 106C
nice (to)
nice of someone to
no
no in negative questions 34C
no + noun 67
no with singular and plural nouns
67C
no amount of 67D
inversion after preposition + no
no time,
no
120A
nobody (nothing, etc.)
(in negative questions) 34C
none (of) 67,69
none of 52A, 67
none of and not all
A
nor
inversion after nor
normally (with have to) 23E
not
not a + noun 67
not one (of) 67D
not
hope not etc.) 78C
78C
inversion after not + only/until etc.
120A
nothing (in negative questions) 34C
notice
was noticed + -ing
notice someone + bare infinitive
notice someone + -ing 39A
notice someone + -ing/bare
infinitive
notice +
40A
notice (that) 44B
notify (someone that) 44D
nouns
reporting using nouns 43D
countable and uncountable 50,
59, 60
compound nouns 54—55
noun + preposition + noun (a cup
of tea, etc.)
A
singular and plural 51,52,59,60,
67C
nowhere (in negative questions) 34C
number
a number of 52A
a large number of 64B
object (to) 36C
object to someone + -ing and
object to someone's + -ing 39E
observe
observe someone + bare infinitive
observe someone + -ing 39A
observe someone + -ing/bare
infinitive
336
observation (that) 43D
any of, each of, etc. 52, 69
of
's 53
offer
offer with the passive 29B
offer to
offer someone something and offer
something to someone 42A
on
on (time) with past simple 5A
on + -ing 102B
on (place) 104
on (time) 107
verb/noun + on or about
on and about HOC
on the contrary 103
on the other hand 103
once (with past simple) 5A
one
a/an and one 56
56B
not one (of) 67D
one another 76E
one/ones (pronouns) 77
only 93C
only with can't/couldn't 20C
only with need 24E
only few/little 68B
inversion after only after/later/if
etc. 120A
inversion after only by/in/with etc.
120A
opera (the/zero article)
opposite 82C
order
was ordered to
order someone to 37A, 47A
order something for someone 42A
order that 47D, 48C
order (noun) (to) 43D
other (each other) 76E
otherwise 103
ought to 17
ought to and should
ought to have + past participle
17B
ought to in reporting 49
over
over and across
over
above 105B
over and during
overhear
overhear someone + bare infinitive
overhear someone + -ing 39A
overhear someone + -ing/bare
infinitive
owe
owe someone something and owe
something to someone 42A
owing to
owing to and due to 96C
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