Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

sexually transmitted disease in women
Sexually transmitted disease (STD) as it affects
women. Women can contract all the known STDs
but may have no symptoms or have different symp-
toms than men do. For example, women infected
with gonorrhea may not have any symptoms but may
have a severe pelvic infection later, and they can
pass the disease on to their sexual partners. Women
can transmit STDs to their babies before, during, or
after birth.
serum
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SGA
Small for gestational age.
SGOT
Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase.
See 
aspartate aminotransferase.
SGPT
Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. See
alanine aminotransferase.
shaken baby syndrome
Characteristic injuries
caused by violently shaking an infant. Shaken baby
syndrome has distinctive features, including hemor-
rhage (bleeding) into the retina, hemorrhage and
swelling of the brain, and patterned bruising and
fractures (breaks) of the child’s ribs or bones
where they have been twisted from the shaking.
Shaken baby syndrome is the most common cause
of infant death due to head injuries and one of the
most serious kinds of child abuse.
shaking palsy
See 
Parkinson’s disease.
sharp
Medical slang for a needle or a similar
pointed object.
shell shock
See 
post-traumatic stress disorder.
shigella
A group of bacteria that can cause infan-
tile gastroenteritis, summer diarrhea of childhood
(a common cause of death for children in the mid-
19th century), and various forms of dysentery,
including epidemic and opportunistic bacillary
dysentery.
shigellosis
Epidemic and opportunistic (causes
disease when the immune system is suppressed)
dysentery that is due to infection with shigella bac-
teria. Shigellosis causes intestinal pain and diar-
rhea, with mucus and blood in the stool. It is
especially common in tropical countries but fre-
quently occurs elsewhere. It is a particular hazard
for people with AIDS or other immunodeficiency
states. Treatment is with antibiotics against the
shigella bacteria.
shin splint
An inflammatory condition of the
front part of the tibia (the big bone in the lower leg)
that results from overuse, as, for example, from
running too much on hard roads or sidewalks. Shin
splints are due to injury to the posterior peroneal
tendon, ligaments, and adjacent tissues in the front
(anterior) of the leg. The pain from shin splints is
usually noticed early in exercise, then it lessens, and
then it reappears later, during running or other
activity. Characteristically, the pain is dull at first but
intensifies with continuing trauma. Treatment
involves a multifaceted approach of “relative rest”
and stretching exercises to restore the person to a
pain-free state.