Webster's New World Medical Dictionary


cholesterol, lowering with fibrates



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Webster s New World Medical Dictionary (1)

cholesterol, lowering with fibrates
Lowering
cholesterol levels through the use of cholesterol-
lowering drugs that are primarily effective in lower-
ing triglycerides and, to a lesser extent, in
increasing HDL levels. Gastrointestinal complaints
are the most common side effect, and fibrates
appear to increase the likelihood of a patient’s
developing cholesterol gallstones.
cholesterol, lowering with niacin
Niacin, also
known as nicotinic acid, is a water-soluble B vitamin
that improves levels of all lipoproteins when given in
doses well above the vitamin requirement. Niacin
lowers the total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and
triglyceride levels, while raising the HDL cholesterol
level. A common and troublesome side effect of
niacin is flushing, or hot flashes, which is a result of
the widening of blood vessels. Most patients develop
a tolerance for flushing, and in some patients it can
be decreased by taking the drug during or after
meals or by the use of aspirin or other similar med-
ications prescribed by a physician. “No-flush”
niacin formulations are also available. A variety of
gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, indi-
gestion, gas, vomiting, diarrhea, and the activation
of peptic ulcers have been seen in some patients
who use niacin. Other major adverse effects include
liver problems, gout, and high blood sugar; risk of
these complications increases as the dose of niacin
increases. The nicotinamide form of niacin does not
lower cholesterol levels.
cholesterol gallstone
Stone within the gallblad-
der that is a result of chronically elevated blood lev-
els of cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia). This can
lead to inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecysti-
tis). See also 
cholecystitis.
chondrocalcinosis
Calcium deposition in carti-
lage. Chondrocalcinosis can be associated with
degenerative arthritis, pseudogout, hemochromato-
sis, hyperparathyroidism, diabetes, hypomagne-
semia, and Wilson’s disease.

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