Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

381
scoliosis
20_189283 ch19.qxp 4/18/08 10:18 PM Page 381
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scoliosis, acquired
Lateral (sideways) curving
of the spine that is neither present at birth nor
results from a condition that is present at birth.
scoliosis, congenital
Lateral (sideways) curv-
ing of the spine that is present at birth or is due to a
condition that is present at birth. The condition may,
for example, be a neuromuscular abnormality or be
due to a malformation of the vertebral column.
scoliosis, functional
Lateral (sideways) curving
in a structurally normal spine. For example, func-
tional scoliosis can be caused by pain on one side of
the back that results in splinting. Also known as non-
structural scoliosis. See also 
scoliosis, structural.
scoliosis, idiopathic
Lateral (sideways) curving
of the spine whose cause is unknown.
scoliosis, structural
A fixed lateral (sideways)
curve of the spine. The causes of structural scolio-
sis include cerebral palsy, polio, muscular dystro-
phy, Marfan syndrome, infections of the spine, and
tumors of the spine. Structural scoliosis is different
from functional scoliosis, in which the spine
appears to have a lateral curve (scoliosis) but is
structurally normal.
score, Apgar
See 
Apgar score.
scrape
An abrasion or cut that is caused by some-
thing rubbing roughly against the skin. Redness,
swelling, increased pain, and pus indicate infection
that requires professional care.
scratch test for allergy
See 
allergy skin test.
scrofula
Tuberculosis of the lymph nodes in
the neck. Also known in the past as the King’s evil.
See also 
tuberculosis.