Webster's New World Medical Dictionary

anemia, Addisonian
See 
anemia, pernicious.
anemia, aplastic
Anemia due to failure of the
bone marrow to produce red and white blood cells
as well as platelets. Aplastic anemia frequently
occurs without a known cause. Known causes
include exposure to chemicals (for example, ben-
zene, toluene in glues, insecticides, solvents), drugs
(for example, chemotherapy drugs, gold, seizure
medications, antibiotics), viruses (for instance, HIV,
Epstein-Barr), radiation, immune conditions (for
example, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid
arthritis), pregnancy, paroxysmal nocturnal hemo-
globinuria, and inherited disorders (for example,
Fanconi anemia).
anemia, Cooley
See 
thalassemia.
anemia, Fanconi
See 
Fanconi anemia.
anemia, iron deficiency
Anemia due to inade-
quate iron. Iron is necessary to make hemoglobin,
the molecule in red blood cells that is responsible
for the transport of oxygen. In iron deficiency ane-
mia, the red cells are small and pale. Characteristic
features of iron deficiency anemia in children
include failure to thrive and increased infections.
Iron deficiency anemia can be treated with iron sup-
plements and iron-containing foods. Food sources
of iron include meat, poultry, eggs, vegetables, and
certain cereals. Iron supplements may also be
taken, although they should never be given to chil-
dren without a physician’s recommendation.
anemia, Mediterranean
See 
thalassemia.
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anemia, Mediterranean
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anemia, pernicious
Low red blood cell count
caused by inadequate vitamin B12. Abbreviated PA.
Patients with PA do not produce intrinsic factor
(IF), a substance that allows the body to absorb
vitamin B12 from foods. The resulting inadequacy
of vitamin B12 hampers the production of red blood
cells. PA can be treated by injection of vitamin B12:
oral administration will not work because people
with PA cannot absorb orally administered vitamin
B12. Also known as Addison’s anemia.