Watson, says Bell! If you can hear me, then go to the window and wave your hat

An essay about: History of telephone invention

"Watson, says Bell! If you can hear me, then go to the window and wave your hat." this phrase, spoken 141 years ago, on March 10, 1876, was the first to be spoken over the telephone. The speaker - Alexander Graham Bell - became known to the whole world as the inventor of the device. According to statistics, the residents of Russia alone now make 144 million calls a day. And the average person makes almost one and a half thousand phone calls in one year. Phone discord In fact, with the history of the invention of the telephone, not everything is so simple. In the early 1850s, New Yorker Antonio Meucci discovers that electric current supposedly has a positive effect on people's health. He designs a generator and opens a private practice. One day, Meucci connected the wires to the lips of the patient, and he himself moved to a remote room where the generator was located. When the doctor turned on the device, TO heard the patient's cry as clearly as if he were standing next to him. Meucci gave up medicine and began to experiment with the device. By the beginning of the 1870s, he had already created drawings of the apparatus, which he called the telephotophone. In 1871, the Italian was going to register his invention, but he did not succeed According to one version, poor Meucci did not have enough $250 to pay the fee at the Patent Office. According to another, the papers sent by mail were lost somewhere. The third version says that the documents were stolen by order of the Western Union company, for which, by the way, the same Alexander Bell worked. Another competitor to the "well-known" inventor of the telephone was a man named Elisha Grey. He filed an application with the Patent Office two hours later than Bell - subsequently, a lawsuit between the two innovators dragged on until 1893. American Themis eventually delivered a verdict in The very first telephone did not have a ringer - it was later invented by Bell's assistant, the same Thomas John Watson. The microphone was modified by Thomas Edison. He also came up with the idea to start a conversation with the word "Hello", that is, hello ("hello" in English). However, Italians and Japanese answer calls differently: the inhabitants of the Apennines say "pronto" ("ready, I accept"), and the citizens of the Land of the Rising Sun - "mosi-mosi" ("I say, I say"). The history of this invention was not without Russians. In 1895 Mikhail Freidenberg proposed world concept of automatic telephone exchanges (ATC), which connected subscribers to each other without help of a female operator. The proposal turned out unclaimed, the profession survived - and went into the past much later, in the middle of the twentieth century.

An essay about: The hotel which I stayed

Last summer we went on holiday to Malta. We stayed in a marvellous 4-star hotel. Our hotel was situated right next to the sea and a nice sandy beach.
There were 15 storeys in our hotel. Our room was on the second floor. It was quite big. There was one double bed, two single beds, a bathroom and a balcony in it. The view from the balcony was unforgettable – serene infinite sea and lush greenery.
There was a big restaurant in our hotel. We had our breakfast there. The food at the restaurant was delicious and varied.
There were two large swimming pools in the hotel. One swimming pool was only for adults, however, the other swimming pool was for everyone. By the swimming pools there were bars where we could get snacks and ice-cream. There was also a gym with a sauna, a small tennis court and a gift shop in our hotel.
I really liked our holiday in Malta and I hope that one day we will go back there!

Make up a dialogue on this topic: Travelling by air

Hello! How are you?

- Fine, thank you. And
you?
- I'm well, thank you. I assume, you are flying to Italy on vacation?
- Actually, no. My wife is Italian, and we live in Italy most of the year.
In Rome?
- Yes. And what about
you?
- I'm on vacation. This
is my first time in Europe.
- Where are you -
planning to go?
- I'll stay in Rome for four days. I'm a big fan of Roman art.
Yes, it's fantastic!
-Then I'm planning to go to Milan and Venice. I don't know yet how long am going to stay there.
Marvelous plans! If you want, I'll give you my phone number, in case you need any help while in Italy.
- That's very kind of case you need any help while in Italy.
- That's very kind of you, thank you.

An essay about: The jobs and occupations

We spend great part of our lives at our jobs, so choosing a right career is one of the most important decisions you will make in your life. Many students finish high school and begin college without a clear idea of what they want to do in future. Part of the problem is the size of the job market itself. With so many kinds of jobs (2000) how can you tell which will interest you? Some of occupations are already overcrowded. In old industries there may be little need for new workers, while new and growing industries will offer jobs now and in the future. Therefor, it is extremely important to explore your choice of occupations from every angle, collect as much information as you can. But above all you must evaluate yourself. Find out where your interests and talents lie. Postponing a decision is an error people make. "I'll get started tomorrow or next week, or next year," - many people think. These people refuse to face the problem, hoping it will go away. But if you don't take the first step now, how can you plan for the future, how can you take the right way? Such people miss many opportunities. First start with yourself, make a list of your interests, talents and abilities. Most people have a lot of these, but at the beginning they are undeveloped and may not seem outstanding. By concentrating on a few, or on one you may surprise yourself at how good you can get. The interest inventory that follows covers the major fields in which most people find careers: science, art, social service, business, sales and so on. Sometimes we say that someone we know is 'a square peg in a round hole'. This means that person we are talking about is not suited for the job he is doing. Unfortunately, many people in the world are 'square pegs'. But to be a 'square peg' is not a real problem, a real problem for millions of people is to be unemployed. Unemployment especially hits poor and working class families the hardest, not because this people are more likely to be unemployed, but because they don't have financial resource to fall back on. Unemployment exists primarily for two reasons: first - the existence of millions of unemployed people tends to present most of those working from asking for higher wages since they can be replaced easily, second in their search for profits, - corporations are interested in finding the cheapest labor. As for our country more than 10% of our people are unemployed. There is no lack of work force in Russia, but at the resent moment the need for professional workers is increasing. Old industries are overcrowded and it is hard to get new education for people whose age is 35-40 years. The problem of unemployment is also connected with the economic crisis in our country. And I think when this crisis comes to an end the problem of unemployment will not be so urgent.

Make up a dialogue on this topic: Problem solving

Oh, Tina, hi! I need your help!
Hi, Jane. What's wrong?
- Actually, I'm going to make an interview with some pupils. You see, there is one column in school teen magazine about school problems. So I should ask pupils about them.
- I don't think we have a lot of problems. But...
- There are some of them, yes? What can you tell me?
- Well, I think there are some technical problems in the female toilet: water faucet does not work well, and there is no toilet paper very often.
Ok. What else?
- I think, the administration should come up with a new menu in the canteen. A lot of pupils don't like it, I guess.
-Ok. I'll write about this. Anything else? - I think, that's all. Maybe other pupils will tell you more.
- Thanks a lot. See you soon.
-You are welcome.

An essay about: At the pharmacy

Want to be a pharmacist. I think it's a great profession. Usually pharmacists work in pharmacies or pharmaceutical companies. According to my observations, most pharmacies are well-organized and quiet. I like it. I think I'll feel comfortable working in a pharmacy. Of course, this is a very responsible job. Although medicines are prescribed by doctors, not pharmacists, but the pharmacy employee must be very well versed in medicines. Customers often need advice when choosing over-the-counter medications. The pharmacist should be able to select analogs of a drug, take into account contraindications and side effects, as well as compatibility of drugs.To work as a pharmacist one needs an appropriate education. These specialists should also attend upgrading trainings. Excellent knowledge of chemistry and biology is especially important for pharmacists. Pharmacists need another special skill: to understand the handwriting of doctors who issue prescriptions. Not all doctors write legibly. I hope I will be able to master this skill. As the population is ageing, pharmacy chains are actively developing. There are pharmacies in every district of the city. I hope that in the future I will find a job not far from my home.

An essay about: Politeness is main feature of human

I think politeness is one of the signs of culture, but real culture includes more than simply being polite. How far does politeness go? Is it only saying, "Good morning!" and "Excuse me, please!" No, it's more than that. Politeness can be shown everywhere. When we write something at school or at home what our teachers must read, they are glad when it looks neat and is easy to read. Think of all the papers our teachers have to read. It must make them tired to read the ugly handwriting of some pupils. They have to make out words which are not written neatly. As we write, we may think only of what we are writing and not of the person who must read it, and therefore we may write carelessly. Let's agree that it's impolite to do that. And what about politeness in school and out of school? One of the school rules says that a school pupil should greet the head of the school and the teachers politely if he (she) meets them in the street. Another rule says that a school pupil should be polite to those older than himself, be modest and well behaved at school, in the street and in other public places. Forming culture habits of behaviour isn't a simple thing; but if we are polite, it shouldn't be difficult for us to be cultured in any situation.

congratulatory on the topic :Write a postcard to your friend’s birthday.

Dear birthday girl, we wish you a calm, easy and comfortable life, wisdom, charm and fortitude! Be stronger than viruses and diseases, enemies, envy and everyday problems! May luck always be on your side! Let new opportunities and chances open before you every day! We wish you a career take-off, enchanting victories and bold undertakings! Let your authority and income grow! Let your ability to convince, bring things to the end and overcome any obstacles bear sweet fruits in the form of various bonuses from the company! We wish you a magical, rainbow mood, sparkling humor, fun and luxurious gifts! Let the enthusiastic memories of the enchanting holiday warm the soul of Abundance and prosperity for a long time to come!

An essay about: Городской транспорт и движение

On a daily basis we used to use various means of transport to get from one place to another one: trams, cars, buses, planes, underground and other transportation means. In times gone by, people had to go from one city to another for weeks and even months to get to the destination place, because they used horses, boats or their own feet to travel. Nowadays everything is changed and men cross the country or waters in some hours. The most rapid mean of transport is travelling by plane. Other people prefer car, train or bus, because they are cheaper and it is possible to enjoy passing villages, forests and fields through windows.

Life in a big city makes people be depended on transport, especially if they live in the countryside. Sometimes people have to change two or more transportation means (metro, suburban train, bus, share taxi, tramway, etc.) to get to a workplace or come back home after hard working day. The choice of the transport facilities depends on many factors: a financial ability, the distance between workplace and home place, time, comfort and other things. Most people prefer to get a car, because today it helps to be a little more independent from public transport.

An essay about: Surprising facts on the net

Interesting facts about social networks The modern world is one big social network. And there's nothing to be done about it. Of course, there are still INDIVIDUALS, which actively enjoy Internet, HO THIS your "Odnoklassniki" and "VKontakte" say contemptuous "Fi". However, they It's a question of time. disappearance but still quite interesting. TODAY disadvantageous keep privacy. We are too important information and attention. And if without attention of virtuals is still POSSIBLE live, TO without information where more difficult. What present yourself social networks in 2015? I will bring some facts and results research. The latter are subjective Dry numbers The most popular social network in the world is Facebook (more than 1.4 billion active accounts and ABOUT 900 MILLION unique visitors every month), the second most popular Chinese QZone, almost unknown outside the homeland (more than 650 million and about 400 million respectively). The social network for business contacts LinkedIn climbed to third place (350 million and 250 million, respectively). Nearby are Twitter, Google+ and Instagram. Our "VKontakte" in the LIST takes an honorable 10th line with 100 million active accounts and 80 million monthly visitors. With the ubiquity of smartphones, Internet messengers are experiencing a second breath. Chinese QQ (from the creators of QZone) has over 800 million downloads, WhatsApp 700 million, Facebook Messenger 500 million. Telegram from the creator of "VKontakte" Pavel Durov has about 60-70 million users. In addition to the origin of Telegram, it is also interesting that its creators fundamentally do not invest in advertising and currently do not monetize such an impressive audience in any way. Life in social networks The reality at the moment is this: three-quarters of adults who use the Internet will want B social networks. About 80% of social network users log into their account every day, and 25% of them do this at least 5 times a day. What does social activity give to a modern person? The most common disorder is depression. Researchers have found that 95% of people on social media believe that their friends live more interesting lives than they do. The reason is obvious: people usually spread the best sides Only of their lives: travel, hobbies, victories at the front. At the same time, more than half have access to a partner's account in at least one social network. Do you have such an opportunity? I may have bad news for you... More facts about social networks

An essay about: Shopping centers in a city

I live close to the largest shopping centre in my city. It is located in a modern building. In front of the building there is a huge parking for cars.
Different shops occupy two floors of the building. You can find clothes shops, shoe shops and sports shops here. There is even a pharmacy, a bookshop and an optician’s in this shopping centre.
On the ground floor there is a big supermarket where people can buy all kinds of food and some household goods. At the other end of the ground floor there is a home appliance store. The store sells everything from forks and knives to the latest models of HD televisions.
On the upper floor there is a small cinema, bowling alley and indoor tennis courts. A lot of people come here to meet with their friends and talk over a cup of tea.
On the ground floor in the middle of the shopping centre there is a large food court. You can try Chinese, Japanese, Georgian, Italian and Russian cuisine there.
I like this shopping centre!
An essay about: Table manner

Table manners are very important in any community. They are the rules of conduct during the intake of meals. They also include the appropriate use of utensils. Of course, table manners vary from culture to example, in China if you want some more tea, you everyone else off before you can culture. For should top pour more into your cup. European people prefer holding a fork in their left hand, tines downward. However, there are still some basic rules of etiquette which apply nearly to every country. Here are some of them. It is not polite to slurp when eating a Soun Having your elbows on the dining table is not a good idea, especially if you are someone's guest. Being on time is a sign of good manners, however in some countries it is less strict than in others. Most main dishes are eaten with fork and knife, although some meat dishes in certain countries are eaten with fingers. Nobody likes when people talk with a stuffed mouth full of food. So, it's better to get rid of that bad habit. It is also impolite to make rude comments on the food you are treated. Saying thank you when you are served something is habitual. It shows respect and appreciation. Chewing with a closed mouth is also good table manners, as well as using a napkin. Whenever you want to reach something that is placed far from you, better ask someone to pass it. When you are invited by others to dine in their house or restaurant, napkin. Whenever you want to reach something that is placed far from you, better ask someone to pass it. When you are invited by others to dine in their house or restaurant, always thank the host and tell them how much you enjoyed the meal. There are many other rules of etiquette and table manners in the civilized world, but these are some of the basic ones.

An essay about: Shops and shoppers

When we want to buy something, we go to a shop. There are many kinds of shops in every town or city, but most of them have a food supermarket, a department store, men's and women's clothing stores, grocery, a bakery and a butchery.
I like to do my shopping at big department stores and supermarkets. They sell various goods under one roof and this is very convenient. A department store, for example, true to its name, is composed of many departments: readymade clothes, fabrics, shoes, sports goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, cosmetics, linen, curtains, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you like there.
There are also escalators in big stores which take customers to different floors. The things for sale are on the counters so that they can be easily seen. In the women's clothing department you can find dresses, costumes, blouses, skirts, coats, beautiful underwear and many other things. In the men's clothing department you can choose suits, trousers, overcoats, ties, etc.
In the knitwear department one can buy sweaters, cardigans, short-sleeved and long-sleeved pullovers, woollen jackets. In the perfumery they sell face cream and powder, lipstick, lotions and shampoos.
In a food supermarket we can also buy many different things at once: sausages, fish, sugar, macaroni, flour, cereals, tea. At the butcher's there is a wide choice of meat and poultry. At the bakery you buy brown and white bread, rolls, biscuits.
Another shop we frequently go to is the greengrocery which is stocked by cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, green peas and what not. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you call round at a dairy you can buy milk, cream, cheese, butter and many other products.
The methods of shopping may vary. It may be a selfservice shop where the customer goes from counter to counter selecting and putting into a basket what he wishes to buy. Then he takes the basket to the check-out counter, where the prices of the purchases are added up. If it is not a self-service shop, and most small shops are not, the shop-assistant helps the customer in finding what he wants. You pay money to the cashier and he gives you back the change.