Vienna 2020 Publishing premier austrian Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences

Keywords: 

urea-formaldehyde resin (UFR), tetraethoxysilane (TES), liquid glass, cane, reed plate.

Introduction

Today, as the demand for wood products around 

the world increases, so does the demand for its al-

ternative types. In particular, the furniture and con-

struction industries cannot be imagined without 

wood and its alternative types. Reforestation, which 

is declining year by year, will take hundreds of years, 

a great deal of labor and expense. Preserving them is 

very important from an environmental point of view.

In our country, great attention is paid to the con-

struction industry, in particular, the production of 

wood-chipboard. It is determined by the Resolution 

of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 

February 20, 2019 No PP-4198 “On measures to radi-

cally improve and comprehensively develop the con-

struction materials industry”, ie by 2021 to increase 

the production of chipboard (DSP) – 380 thousand 

cubic meters 8 of the summary indicators of promis-

ing projects in the construction materials industry in 

2019–2021 in Annex 3 to the Resolution of the Gov-

ernment of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 23, 

2019 No. PQ-4335 “On additional measures for the 

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Section 7. Chemistry

38

accelerated development of the construction materi-

als industry” -clause – “Project for the organization of 

production of wood-chipboard (DSP) from cotton 

stalks, reeds, straw, and other plant stalks” and the 

Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan 

dated April 11, 2019 No. 297 “Further development 

of production of wood-chipboard and their alterna-

tives” On additional measures to – It is planned to 

increase the production of chipboard based on local 

alternative wood raw materials.

Research work is underway to develop an in-

novative technology for the production of formal-

dehyde-free wood-chip boards from cotton stalks, 

reeds, straw and other plant stems on the basis of 

local raw materials. In the production of wood-chip 

boards were studied the processes of extraction of 

local raw materials – cotton stalks, reeds, straw and 

other plant stalks, separation into large and small 

fractions, mixing with glue and bonding. Inexpen-

sive, environmentally friendly and environmentally 

friendly ingredients based on local raw materials 

were selected for the preparation of the glue.

Phenol-formaldehyde (PFR) and urea-formalde-

hyde resins (UFR) are widely used products. They 

are widely used in the production of wood shavings, 

mineral fiber boards and similar building materials, 

despite a number of disadvantages such as high toxic-

ity of vapors, flammability, hydrophilicity, short-term 

storage of resin. The cheapness of formaldehyde and 

the lack of a substitute have led to an increase in us-

age over the last half century [1–2].

Alternative types of wood, such as wood chip-

board, wood fiberboard, medium-density wood 

fiberboard – MDF (MDF-Medium Density Fibre-

board), laminated medium-density wood fiber-

board – LMDF, etc. are mainly used in the produc-

tion of phenol-formaldehyde or urea – formaldehyde 

resins are used. These resins release formaldehyde, 

which does not react during production and when 

used as an adhesive, and is formed as a result of par-

tial decomposition. In particular, when the amount 

of formaldehyde in the air is 0,5 mg / m

3

, it is known 

to cause serious damage to the eyes, nose, respiratory 

system, causing skin diseases [3–5].

In the study, plates were prepared on the basis of 

glue modified urea-formaldehyde resin with alkaline 

solutions of silicates, organic monomers, organo-

silicon compounds. Their physical and mechanical 

properties were studied. In this case, the silicon-

organic part is consumed in small quantities. The 

main mass of the glue is urea-formaldehyde resin. 

When new resins are used, there is almost no need 

to change the existing technology [6–9].