Verb forms

VERB FORMS

NINTH GRADE ENGLISH

Principal Parts of a Verb

• Verbs use four parts to form their tenses
• Terminology used to form these parts is used again when discussing the verb’s tenses…but is NOT the same thing

Four Principal Parts of a Verb

• 1. Present
• 2. Present Participle
• 3. Past
• 4. Past Participle

REGULAR VERBS

• Regular verbs all conjugate their verb forms out in the same manner

Regular Verb Conjugation

Present

LOOK

Present Participle

(is , are) LOOKING

Past

LOOKED

Past Participle

(has, have) looked

Present Participle

• The present participle NEVER changes whether you have a regular or an irregular verb!

Irregular Verbs

• Form their past and past participle in ways different from the regular verbs
• These are verbs that you must learn how to use properly in order to then learn how to use their tenses correctly
• They are divided into five different groups

Irregular Verbs---Group 1

• Present, Past, and Past Participle are all the same

Present

set

Past

set

Past Part.

Have set

Irregular Verbs---Group 2

• Past and Past Participle are the same

Present

sit

Past

sat

Past Part.

Have sat

Irregular Verbs---Group 3

• Vowel Change---from I to A to U

Present

begin

Past

began

Past Part.

Have begun

Irregular Verbs---Group 4

• Past Participle is formed by adding –n or –en to the past

Present

speak

Past

spoke

Past Part.

Have spoken

Irregular Verbs---Group 5

• Past participle is formed by adding –n or –en to the present

Present

see

Past

saw

Past Part.

Have seen

Conjugate the present (given), past, and past participle. Give group numbers for each one.

• Seek
• Drink
• Know
• Steal
• shut

• Ring
• Put
• Throw
• Catch
• freeze

Conjugate the following verbs. Present, past, & past participle. Give group numbers where necessary!

• Examine
• Eat
• Write
• Sit
• cut

• Review
• Sink
• Wear
• Sing
• suppose

Verb Tenses

• Simple (3)
• Perfect (3)
• Progressives (6)
• Considered add-ons to the other six tenses

Three Main Tenses

Tense

• Shows the time of an action or a condition

Simple Tenses

• Present Tense– occurs regularly, occurs now
• Example: Tara publishes books.
• Past Tense—occurred “yesterday”
• Example: Tara published books.
• Future—will occur sometime soon
• Example: Tara will publish books

[will + present part of verb]

Perfect Tenses— Present Perfect

• Action completed in the past
• Action began in the past, continuing in the present
• [Has/have + past participle]
• Example: Craig has played in many games.

Perfect Tenses—Past Perfect

• Action in the past preceded by another past action
• [Had + past participle]
• Example: Craig had played in many games before the one today.

Perfect Tenses— Future Perfect

• An action in the future that will precede another future action
• [Will have + past participle]
• Example: By next summer, Craig will have played in twenty games.

Progressive Tenses

• Express an event in progress
• Use the present participle of the verbs—(ING forms)
• Add the form of the verb “be”

“add on” to the other tenses

Progressive Tenses

• Present Progressive
• Am/is/are + Pr. Part.
• Past Progressive
• Was/were + Pr. Part.
• Future Progressive
• Will be + Pr. Part.

• Present Perf. Prog.
• has/have been + Pr. Part.
• Past Perf. Progressive
• Had been + Pr. Part.
• Future Perf. Prog.
• Will have been + Pr. Part.