В пособии рассматриваются основные моменты английской грамматики: части речи имя существительное, имя прилагательное и наречие; видо-временные формы глагола; модальные глаголы; неличные формы глагола

D. if I may say so has become a stereotyped phrase in which the meaning of
permission is considerably weakened.
If I may say so, I think you have treated him very badly.


E. It might have been worse means Things are not so bad after all. In Russian
it is:
Могло бы быть и хуже
or В конце концов дела обстоят не так уж плохо.


F. May in wishes
May is used (especially in a formal style) to introduce wishes for people’s
health, happiness, success, etc.
May you both be happy!
May the New Year bring you all your heart desires.
May God be with you.
May she rest in peace. (Prayer for a dead person.)


G. may.... but.....
May can be used in an argument or discussion to refer to a point which one is
going to answer.
It may be a very fast and comfortable car, but it uses a lot of petrol.
Может эта машина, конечно, быстрая и удобная, но она....
He may be clever, but he hasn’t got much common sense.
Может он и умный, но у него не очень много здравого смысла.

10. Must and Have for Deduction and Assumption

A. Forms:
Present - must + present infinitive (stative verbs) He must live here.
must + continuous infinitive (dynamic verbs) He must be living here.
Past- must + perfect infinitive He must have lived here.
must + continuous perfect infinitive He must have been living here.
must is not used with reference to the future. In this case modal words are
used instead:
He will evidently know all about it. She will obviously come tomorrow.


B. Must can be used to say that we are sure about something (because it is
logically necessary).
Mary must have some problems: she keeps crying.
‘I’m in love.’ - ‘That must be nice.’
Must is only used in this way in affirmative sentences. In questions and
negatives, we use can and can’t instead.
‘There’s the doorbell. It must be the postman.’
- It can’t be the postman, it’s only seven o’clock.
What do you think this letter can mean?
must is used in the interrogative only when expressing a doubt about a
deduction with must:
There is a lot of noise from upstairs. It must be Tom.
- Why must it be Tom? Other people use that flat.
To express deduction with negative meaning the following is employed:
He must have failed to get in touch with her.
He must be misunderstanding you.
He must have misunderstood you.
He must be unaware of that.
He must have never guessed the truth.
No one must have told him about it.
Must is used with the perfect infinitive for deductions about the past (can
and can’t in questions and negatives).
He must have taken sleeping pills last night. He didn’t wake up
till lunch time.
Must with the perfect infinitive may indicate the action begun in the past
and continued into the moment of speaking:
He must have been here since breakfast.
Must with the perfect infinitive may indicate the action going on at a certain
past moment:
It was a car crash, but no one was hurt. They must have been
wearing the seat belts.