Uzbekistan State World Languages University Linguistics and English Literature Department Group: 204 Student: Nozimabonu Umirzoqova Card No 32

3. Compare intonation in English and Uzbek (or Russian) languages
Intonation is inseparable component of oral speech in any language as written in the book named “Contrastive linguistics of the English and Uzbek languages” written by O’tkir Yusupov. It consists of melody, rhythm, tempo, intensity, tembre and pause and it also contains a lot of linguistic and extra linguistic information. We may get from it information about speaker's mood, age, sex, social position, health, culturedness etc., which are regarded as extra linguistic information. We may also get a lot of linguistic information of which we speak below.
Considering the functions of the above mentioned components of intonation, and its meaning, intonation may be divided into the following types.

1. 
   The intonation signaling the end of the utterance:
   

I am a teacher. Men o’qituvchiman.
I’ll come if have time. Vaqtim bo’lsa kelaman.
This intonation is used at the end of the utterance.

2. 
   The intonation signaling that the part of the utterance having this intonation, has not yet ended and its usually used at the end of clauses proceeding the last one in composite sentences at the end of predicative constructions so on:
   

Mother being ill... Onam kasal bo’lib…
If I have time... Vaqtim bo’lsa…

3. 
   Declarative intonation:
   

Tom has come. Tom keldi.

4. 
   Interrogative intonation:
   

Are you tired? Charchadingizmi?

5. 
   Imperative intonation:
   

Come in! Kiring!

6. 
   Emphatic intonation:
   

How beautiful she is!
U qanday chiroyli-ya!
This intonation is used in emphatic construction.

7. 
   The intonation of numeration:
   

I have bought apples, pears, plums.
Men olma, nok, olxo’ri oldim.
This intonation is used at the end of homogeneous parts of the utterance.

8. 
   Appealing intonation, which is used at the end of the address (undalma) opening an utterance.
   

Bob!... Bob!
Dear students!
Hurmatli talabalar!
According to the direction of the tone at the end of the utterance the intonation may be falling, rising and leveled. Falling intonation is used at the end of declarative sentences and special questions:
We have seen a lot of things there.
U yerda biz ko’p narsalarni ko’rdik.
Where did you go? Qayerga bording?
Rising intonation is used at the end of general, alternative and disjunctive questions:
Will you come? Kelasizmi?
Are you Mr. Dallon?
Siz janob Dallonmisiz?
Leveled intonation is used at the end of imperative sentences:
Stop the game. O’yinni to’xtating.
Halt! To’xta!
As we can see, types of intonation do not differ in the languages compared. But we can’t help mentioning the fact that in English the sentences of greeting and leave-taking are pronounced with rising intonation, in Uzbek – with falling intonation:
Good morning! Salom!
Good bye! Xayr!