Audio-visual Media. Television and movies are examples of audio-visual media that may be seen and heard [Ibid]. The audio-visual presentation depicts the entire communicative context. The face impressions, gestures, and physical surroundings given to the pupils can be easily understood, bringing learning closer to a real-life setting. It is critical to preview any program and evaluate its value in terms of the class environment, time, and content value, as well as how to operate it more efficiently to benefit all students in learning the subject. Films, TV shows, and video CDs with both picture and sound are examples of these media.
Because each of the media mentioned above has its own strengths and weaknesses in terms of use, it is essential for the teacher to select acceptable media and connect the components to the curriculum when using them.
The relevance of having instructional media in the classroom when a teacher is delivering a lesson is undeniable any longer in order to make the lesson or material being taught clearer, easier, and more engaging. However, before selecting on the instructional material to be used, the teacher must be very selective and evaluate a number of aspects. Before selecting instructional material, there are three elements that the instructor should consider.
Practicality;
When it comes to providing and preparing instructional media, teachers occasionally face challenges. As a result, teachers should think about and look for practical media that are readily available at the school or in a store if they wish to acquire them. Furthermore, the teacher must have the practicality to bring and use them.
students’ characteristics;
Because the students in the classroom are diverse, it is critical for the instructor to examine if the media to be utilized are appropriate in light of the students' qualities.
instructional activities;
There are many different types of instructional activities that a teacher might create in order to keep pupils interested in the activities. As a result, different instructional media must be used to support different tasks in order for the activities to be diverse and engaging to follow.23 Instructional media is a tool that can assist teachers in their classroom activities. Instructional media fulfills four general concepts from the teacher's perspective24:
1) Media can aid in the simplification and refinement of the educational process.
2) Machines enable the teacher to apply the object teaching and illustration concept.
3) The use of the pupils' mother tongue can be avoided with the help of the media.
4) Media may be utilized to motivate -people if they are utilised in a way that encourages them to study. -
Furthermore, according to Elly (1977),- instructional media can be divided into six distinct categories:
1) Photographic prints, sketches, cartoons, charts, graphs, and maps are examples of still images.
2) Audio: this category includes teacher voices, radio, disk, and tape recordings.
3) Motion pictures (movies):
4) Television (both broadcast and VHS)
5) Real things: actual items
6) Computer-assisted and programmed instruction: computer-assisted and programmable instruction.
In the meantime, Klasek (1972) divides instructional media into six groups:
1) Visual media, such as motion pictures, slides, and film strips, as well as still or flat photographs and graphics.
2) Audio media, such as cassette tapes, CDs, and radio
3) visual aids such as chalkboards, bulletin boards, and overhead projectors
4) genuine or simulated experience; stimulation, modeling, games, realism, and community
5) printed material, such as books, text books, and workbooks
6) Programmed learning; education employs a sequential sequence of stimuli and responses to achieve predetermined instructional goals.
These media materials are very important to teach pupils in the lesson because by the help of these materials there are some opportunities that are created for teachers such as easily attracting learners to the lesson, creating English atmosphere in the classroom, using untraditional methods during the lesson, avoiding traditional teaching methods which are not only in school, but also higher education. Moreover, using media the process of lesson helps learners to improve in four sub-skills such as reading, writing, listening and speaking and also to avoid traditional teaching methods for English teachers. There are great opportunities to develop speaking skills by the help of listening native speaker’s speech, watching videos, seeing relia. Every English teacher should use media materials in order to create English atmosphere and to increase pupils’ interests for learning a new language in the classroom during his lesson.
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