Uzbekistan Country Gender Assessment: Update

Uzbekistan plans to restore correspondence and evening education in 
universities
. http://podrobno.uz/cat/obchestvo/uzbekistan-planiruet-vosstanovit-zaochnoe-i-vechernee-obuchenie-v-
vuzakh/ 7 June 2017.
213 
United Nations development programme. 2016. 
Human Development Report 2016
. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/
hdr_theme/country-notes/UZB.pdf.
214 
UN Committee on the elimination of discrimination against Women. 2015. 16
th
session.16 February–6 March. http://
tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/download.aspx?symbolno=CedaW/C/UZB/CO/4&Lang=en
215 
Office of the United Nations Commissioner for Human Rights. 2013. 
Report of the Working Group on the Universal 
Periodic Revie
w. Uzbekistan. 5 april. paras. 96–97. also: International Labour Organization. 2015. 
Third Party Monitoring 
of the Use of Child Labor and Forced Labor during the Uzbekistan 2015 Cotton Harvest. 
Geneva.

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Uzbekistan Country Gender Assessment Update
although gender balance in student enrollment varies by subsector, gender parity in primary 
and pre-school education has been preserved. Since 2009, the sex ratio of students in 
professional colleges is near gender parity.
216
table 9 shows the gender breakdown of enrollment 
in secondary general and secondary special education for the 2016–2017 academic year.
Table 9: Enrollment in Secondary General and Secondary Special Education,
2016–2017 Academic year
(%)
Item
Women
Men
Ratio of girls and boys in the total number of students in 
secondary general education 
48.4
51.6
Ratio of females and males in total number of students 
in secondary special education (vocational colleges)
49
51
Ratio of females and males in total number of students in 
secondary special education (academic lyceums)
44.1
55.9
Source: data provided by the State Committee on Statistics to adB in September–October 2017 for this CGa update.
4. Preschool Education
Compared with 2013, the number of 3- to 6-year-old children in pres chool increased to 23.8%. 
the gender balance among preschoolers is close to parity: 47.3% girls and 52.7% boys.
217
In 
kindergarten, the number of children aged 1–6 years has not been consistent.
218
In 1991, the 
enrollment ratio exceeded 35%, but it was significantly skewed in urban vs. rural areas (51.3% 
and 27%, respectively).
By 2000, the pres chool enrollment ratio had dropped by half, to 18.2% nationwide (35.3% vs. 
10.6% in urban and rural areas respectively). the drastic imbalance between urban and rural 
coverage was due to the less-developed network of kindergartens in the villages and wider family 
kinship ties that allow keeping a child at home under the supervision of elderly family members 
or a senior sibling, usually a girl. this may have further implications on girls’ opportunities to 
develop their full potential, achievements in primary schooling, and education in general.
216 
UN development program and Center for economic Research under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of 
Uzbekistan. 2015. 
The National Report on Millennium Development Goals. Uzbekistan 2015
. 
MDG 3. Promotion of Equality 
of Men and Women and Empowerment of Women.
 http://www.cer.uz/upload/iblock/ad0/mdg_ru_13_04.pdf
217 
the State Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 
Uzbekistan Gender Statistics
. 
Education. Enrollment in 
Pre-school Education
. www.gender.stat.uz (accessed 16 January 2018).
218 
“the reasons for the decline in Uzbekistan’s coverage are multifaceted. the decline in the 1990s probably started 
because of the decline of employment opportunities for women, particularly in the rural areas, and the availability of 
home-based care in larger extended rural families. High parental fees relative to household income, perceived falling 
standards of care and education and the closure of many small local schools reducing access to the pre-school network, 
have all been contributing factors. a move to a per capita system of funding recurrent costs between 2008 and 2010, 
combined with a network optimization programme, resulted in closures of schools with low attendance thereby raising 
the average numbers of children per school through consolidation.” United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICeF). 
Uzbekistan. 2013.