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№ 5 (86)
май, 2021 г.
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safe, especially in mines that are dangerous for gas and
dust, in cases where the use of electricity in underground
mining is unsafe due to unpredictable gas emissions.
Along with this, pneumoenergy has a number of sig-
nificant drawbacks. The main disadvantage of com-
pressed air, as an energy carrier, is its high cost relatively
to electricity. The reason of it is the consumption of a
large amount of electrical energy by compressors in the
production of compressed air.
Mining compressors are energy-intensive installa-
tions, the share of which in the consumption of electric-
ity in mining enterprises is a significant one [2].
Given such a wide use of pneumatic energy, it is
necessary to reduce operating costs by developing re-
source-saving technical solutions in the production of
compressed air in industrial enterprises.
The efficient operation of the compressor unit is
largely dependent on cooling. The cooling system of the
compressor unit solves three tasks: it reduces the energy
consumption of the compression process in the cylinder,
eliminates the possibility of ignition of lubricating oils,
and improves the operating conditions of the compressor
operating units [3, 4]. Violations of the cooling system,
as a rule, are associated with a forced stop of the com-
pressor and an increased specific energy consumption
for the production of compressed air.
An analysis of the operation of compressor units
shows that the undercooling of the air in the intermediate
refrigerators of the reciprocating compressor increases
the energy consumption for air compression by 1% for
every 5-6 ℃ [5].
The water used for cooling has a high content of
salts and various impurities. In most cases, the total wa-
ter hardness, reaching more than 20 mg-eq/l, is almost 3
times higher than the permissible values, which is the
main reason for the rapid contamination of heat ex-
change surfaces. The decrease in the intensity of heat
exchange processes, due to the growth of deposits in the
form of scale, contributes to a decrease in the safety and
efficiency of the compressor equipment.
The presence of a 0.1 mm thick scale layer reduces
the cooling of the air in the refrigerator by 10-15 %. The
scale layer reduces the heat transfer coefficient by add-
ing additional thermal resistance [6].
At the outlet of the intermediate refrigerator, the
normal temperature of the compressed air should not ex-
ceed the temperature of the cooling water at the inlet by
more than 5-10 ° C. If the temperature difference in-
creases to 20 ° C, the power consumption, all other
things being equal, can increase by 14 %. The scale on
the inner walls of the tubes dramatically reduces the heat
transfer to the cooling water. Figure 1 shows the graph-
ical dependence of the heat transfer coefficient on the
thickness of the scale layer [7].
From the graph shown in Fig. 1, it is observed that,
with an increase in the thickness of the scale layer, the
heat transfer coefficient deteriorates.
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