Understanding Psychology (10th Ed)

R E C A P / E V A L U A T E / R E T H I N K 
R E C A P 
What are the major psychological disorders?
• Anxiety disorders are present when a person experiences 
so much anxiety that it affects daily functioning. Specifi c 
types of anxiety disorders include phobic disorder, panic 
disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-
compulsive disorder. (p. 513)
• Somatoform disorders are psychological diffi culties that 
take on a physical (somatic) form but for which there is 
no medical cause. Examples are hypochondriasis and 
conversion disorders. (p. 518)
• Dissociative disorders are marked by the separation, or 
dissociation, of different facets of a person’s personality 
that are usually integrated. Major kinds of dissociative 
disorders include dissociative identity disorder, dissocia-
tive amnesia, and dissociative fugue. (p. 518)
• Mood disorders are characterized by emotional states of 
depression or euphoria so strong that they intrude on 
everyday living. They include major depression and 
bipolar disorder. (p. 520)
• Schizophrenia is one of the more severe forms of mental 
illness. Symptoms of schizophrenia include declines in 
functioning, thought and language disturbances, percep-
tual disorders, emotional disturbance, and withdrawal 
from others. (p. 524)
• Strong evidence links schizophrenia to genetic, bio-
chemical, and environmental factors. According to the 
predisposition model, an interaction among various 
factors produces the disorder. (p. 529)
• People with personality disorders experience little or no 
personal distress, but they do suffer from an inability to 
function as normal members of society. These disorders 
include antisocial personality disorder, borderline per-
sonality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder. 
(p. 529)
• Childhood disorders include major depression, attention-
defi cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism. 
(p. 530)