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20. Identify the type of clipping:
ad
|
burbs
|
celeb
|
champ
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chimp
|
croc
|
doc
|
specs
|
dorm
|
exam
|
flu
|
fridge
|
gator
|
gym
|
hippo
|
hols
|
teen
|
veg
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Analyze 1. the derivational structure of the following words and write;
how many steps of derivation they have undergone:
2.
1.
indisputableness
revitalization
Identify the denotative and connotative elements of the meanings in the following sentences.
It's impolite to stare at people like that.
The little boys stood glaring at each other ready to start a fight.
The lovers stood gazing into each other's eyes.
Comment on the development of meaning in the following words:
A few weeks after the purchase was completed, and at the close of the season, the Minister and his family went down to Cantervilie Chase.
Analyze the following phraseological units according to 3 classifications (Koonin’s, Vinogradov’s and Arnold’s). Translate:
Berlin wall.
1.
2.
3.
A close mouth catches no flies.
1.
2.
3.
To jump out of one’s skin.
1.
2.
3.
Analyze the structure and origin of the following words, define the linguistic phenomenon:
shamefaced.
26. Which spelling is British and which is American?
clamor
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clamouring
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clamorous
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vapor
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vapourish
|
vaporize
|
|
defence
|
defense
|
centre
|
center
|
marvellous
|
marvelous
|
fibre
|
fiber
|
jewellery
|
jewelry
|
to enfold
|
to infold
|
cheque
|
check
|
|
|
TESTS
Test 1
A blonde decides one day that she is sick and tired of all these blonde jokes and how all blondes are perceived as stupid, so she decides to show her husband that blondes really are smart. While her husband is off at work, she decides that she is going to paint a couple of rooms in the house. The next day, right after the time her husband leaves for work, she gets down to the task at hand. Her husband arrives home at 5:30 and smells the distinctive smell of paint. He walks into the living room and finds his wife lying on the floor in a pool of sweat. He notices that she is wearing a ski jacket and a fur coat at the same time. He goes over and asks her if she is OK. She replies yes. He asks what she is doing. She replies that she wanted to prove to him that not all blonde women are dumb and she wanted to do it by painting the house. He then asks her why she has a ski jacket over her fur coat. She replies that she was reading the directions on the paint can and they said.... FOR BEST RESULTS, PUT ON TWO COATS (A. Joke).
Tasks
Какое лингвистическое явление лежит в основе этой шутки? Аргументируйте ответ.
Чем различаются синонимы dumb и stupid? Какой тип синонимов?
Найдите примеры конверсии в тексте (3).
Сколько антонимов слова smart использовано в тексте? Приведите пример из текста лексеме ask.
Приведите примеры омонимов в тексте (7).
antonyms
synonyms
hyponym - hyperonym
part-whole relations
co-hyponyms
Соотнесите пары слов (в левой колонке) и тип отношений между ними (в правой колонке).
furcoat - coat
furcoat - ski jacket
room - house
living room - room
husband - wife
leave for - arrive
Эти слова находятся в ... отношениях.
а) синтагматических; б) парадигматических; в) иерархических.
Выпишите слова по группам а) ложные друзья переводчиков;
б) интернациональные слова:
Baton, jacket, blonde, club, fabric, sympathetic, replica, film, piano.
Объясните термины: а) этимологический дуплет; б) этимологический гибрид; в) ложная этимология.
Test 2
Away from time, always outside of time! Between east and west, between dawn and sunset, the church lay like a seed in silence, dark before germination, silenced after death. Containing birth and death, potential with all the noise and transition of life, the cathedral remained hushed, a great, involved seed, whereof the flower would be radiant life inconceivable, but whose beginning and whose end were the circle of silence. Spanned round with the rainbow, the jewelled gloom folded music upon silence, light upon darkness, fecundity upon death, as a seed folds leaf upon leaf and silence upon the root and the flower, hushing up the secret of all between its parts, the death out of which it fell, the life into which it has dropped, the immortality it involves, and the death it will embrace again.
Tasks
Разделите слова на морфемы, дайте им структурную и семантическую классификацию:
rainbow, beginning, jeweled, outside
immortality, inconceivable, containing, dropped
Многозначное слово noise в тексте используется в одном из значений. Прочитайте описание значения этого слова и определите причину семантического развития: а) историческая; б) социальная; в) психологическая.
In everyday communication the noun noise means “sound, especially a sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired”. It also has other, more specialized meanings: for instance, in physics it means “a disturbance, especially a random or persistent disturbance that obscures or reduces the clarity of a signal”, in computer science - “irrelevant of meaningless data”.
Прочитайте определения слов: Time и tide.
Time and tide used to be synonyms. Then tide came to mean “the regular rise and fall of the sea caused by the pull of the moon and sun”, and time is used in the general sense.
а) Определите лингвистическое явление.
б) Установите причину семантического развития: эллипсис, расхождение синонимов, фиксированный контекст, лингвистическая аналогия.
Найдите 4 пары синонимов и определите их тип:
а) стилистические; б) идеографические; в) абсолютные.
Найдите 8 пар антонимов.
Установите тип семантических отношений между следующими словами: germination, fecundity, seed, flower, leaf, root.
а) члены синонимического ряда;
б) члены антонимического ряда;
в) члены семантического поля.
LINGUISTIC GLOSSARY
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