Transitive and intransitive verbs (o’timli va o’timsiz fe’llar)

Ot yasovchi qo’shimchalar

V + er – chi: work-worker, write-writer, play-player

V + ment: develop-development (rivoj), govern-government (hukumat)

Adj + ness – lik: happy-happiness (baxt), kind-kindness (mehribonlik)

V + ion: restrict-restriction (ta’qiqlash).

Adj + dom: free-freedom (ozodlik), wise-wisedom (donolik)

N + hood: childhood (bolalik),

N + ship: friendship.

The possessive case (Qaratqich kelishigi)

1) Ingliz tilida ot so’z turkumidagi so’zlar uchun 2 ta kelishik bor: The nominative case (bosh kelishik), The Possessive case (qaratqich kelishik).

2) Ingliz tilida possessive case- qaratqich kelishigining qo’chimchasi birlikdagi otlar uchun “-‘s” (-ning), ko’plikdagi otlar uchun «-s’» (-ning). Bu qo’shimcha asosan kishilarga va hayvonlarga nisbatan ishlatiladi:: my brother’s book – mening akamning kitobi, my brothers’ books – mening akamlarning kitoblari, the horse’s tail – otning dumi.

3) Ingliz tilida tegishlilik va egalik ma’nosini “of” predlogi ham ifodalaydi. Bunda “of” predlogi o’zidan keyin kelgan so’zga qo’shib tarjima qilinadi. “of” predlogi asosan jonsiz narsalarga nisbatan ishlatiladi: the page of the book – kitobning sahifasi. The book of my brother’s – mening akamning kitobi.

4. Biz apostrof –‘s ni vaqtni ifodalovchi so’zlar bilan ham ishlatishimiz mumkin: Tomorrow’s meeting, yesterday’s, today’s, this evening’s, next week’s, Monday’s…

5. Apostrof –‘s qo’shimchasi odamlar guruhini ifodalaydigan tashkilot va uyushmalar nomlari oldidan ham ishlatiladi: the company’s success – kompaniyaning muvaffaqiyati or the success of the company,