Tourism, Security and Safety From Theory to Practice

Tourism Economics,
6(2), 151–158.
Lynn, M. F. (1993). 
The Development and Impact of Foreign Tourism in China and
Thailand
. Unpublished MA Thesis, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
MacLaurin, T. L. (2001). Food safety in travel and tourism. 
Journal of Travel Research,
39, 332–333.
MacLaurin, T. L., MacLaurin, D. J., and Loi, L. S. (2000). Impact of food-borne illness
on food safety concerns of international air travelers. 
Tourism Economics,
6(2),
169–185.
Mawby, R. I. (2000). Tourists’ perception of security: The risk-fear paradox. 
Tourism
Economics,
6(2), 109–121.
McKercher, B., and Chon, K. (2004). The over-reaction to SARS and the collapse of
Asian tourism. 
Annals of Tourism Research,
31(3), 716–719.
Neumayer, E. (2004). The impact of political violence on tourism: Dynamic cross-
national estimation. 
Journal of Conflict Resolution,
48(2), 259–281.
Overby, J., Rayburn, M., Hammond, K., and Wyld, D. C. (2004). The China syndrome:
The impact of the SARS epidemic in Southeast Asia. 
Asia Pacific Journal of
Marketing and Logistics,
16(1), 69–94.
Pizam, A., and Fleischer, A. (2002). Severity versus frequency of acts of terrorism:
Which has a larger impact on tourism demand? 
Journal of Travel Research,
40,
337–339.
Pizam, A., and Smith, G. (2000). Tourism and terrorism: A quantitative analysis of
major terrorist acts and their impact on tourism destinations. 
Tourism Economics,
6(2), 123–138.
Richter, L. K. (1983). The political implications of Chinese tourism policy. 
Annals of
Tourism Research,
10(4), 395–413.
Richter, L. K. (1989). 
The Politics of Tourism in Asia
. Honolulu, HI: University of
Hawaii Press.
Richter, L. K. (1999). After political turmoil: The lessons of rebuilding tourism in three
Asian countries. 
Journal of Travel Research,
38(1), 41–45.
Tourism Safety and Security in the PRC
207
H7898_Ch11.qxd 8/24/05 8:47 AM Page 207

---

Roehl, W. S. (1990). Travel agent attitudes toward China after Tiananmen Square.
Journal of Travel Research,
29(2), 16–22.
Roehl, W. S. (1995). The June 4, 1989, Tiananmen Square incident and Chinese
tourism, in A. Lew and L. Yu (eds.), 
Tourism in China: Geographical, Political and
Economic Perspectives
. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Roehl, W. S., and Fesenmaker, D. R. (1992). Risk perceptions and pleasure travel: An
explanatory analysis. 
Journal of Travel Research
, 30(4), 17–26.
Samalgaski, A. S., and Buckley, M. B. (1984). 
Lonely Planet: China, 
8th ed. Victoria,
BC Canada: Lonely Planet Publications.
Sheng, L. (2002). Peace over the Taiwan Strait? 
Security Dialogue,
33(1), 93–106.
Sönmez, S. F. (1998). Tourism, terrorism and political instability. 
Annals of Tourism
Research,
25(2), 416–456.
Sönmez, S. F., Apostolopoulos, Y., and Tarlow, P. (1999). Tourism in crisis: Managing
the effects of terrorism. 
Journal of Travel Research,
38(1), 13–18.
Sönmez, S. F., and Graefe, A. R. (1998). Influence of terrorism risk on foreign tourism
decisions. 
Annals of Tourism Research,
25(1), 112–144.
Tarlow, P. (2003). Ideas on how tourism can confront the terrorism menace. 
e-Review
of Tourism Research (eRTR),
1(1).
Wang, J. Z. (2003). Eastern Turkistan Islamic movement: A case study of a new terror-
ist organization in China. 
International Journal of Offender Therapy and
Comparative Criminology,
47(5), 568–584.
Weaver, D. B. (2000). The exploratory war-distorted destination life cycle.
International Journal of Tourism Research,
2, 151–161.
Wei, L., Crompton, J. L., and Reid, L. M. (1989). Cultural conflicts: Experiences of US
visitors to China. 
Tourism Management,
10(4), 322–332.
Wei, Y., Fan, Y., Lu, C., and Tsai, H.-T. (2004). The assessment of vulnerability to nat-
ural disasters in China by using the DEA method. 
Environmental Impact Assessment
Review,
24, 427–439.
World Tourism Organization (WTO). (2001). 
Special Report Number 18—Tourism
After 11 September 2001: Analysis, Remedial Actions and Prospects
. Madrid: WTO.
WTO. (2003). 
Special Report Number 25—Fifth Meeting of the Tourism Recovery
Committee
. Madrid: WTO.
World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC). (2003). 
China: Special SARS Analysis:
Impact on Travel and Tourism
. London: WTTC.
Xiang, G. (1999). Delinquency and its prevention in China. 
International Journal of
Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology,
43(1), 61–70.
Yu, L. (1992). Emerging markets for China’s tourism industry. 
Journal of Travel
Research,
31(1), 10–13.
Zhang, G. R. (1995). China’s tourism development since 1978: Policies, experiences
and lessons learned, in A. Lew and L. Yu (eds.), 
Tourism in China: Geographical,
Political and Economic Perspectives
. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, pp. 3–17.
Tourism Security and Safety: From Theory to Practice
208
H7898_Ch11.qxd 8/24/05 8:47 AM Page 208

---

209
12
When Wildlife Encounters Go
Wrong: Tourist Safety Issues
Associated with Threatening
Wildlife
Gianna Moscardo, Matthew Taverner, and Barbara Woods